Welcome Guest
Hosted by Birds Canada - Oiseaux Canada

Avibase - Bird Checklists of the World

Chiba

Birdlife Logo

This checklist includes all bird species found in Chiba , based on the best information available at this time. It is based on a wide variety of sources that I collated over many years. I am pleased to offer these checklists as a service to birdwatchers. If you find any error, please do not hesitate to .

The taxonomic order and nomenclature follows Howard and Moore 4th edition (incl. corrigenda vol.1-2). If you prefer to view the list based on a different authority, click on one of the list available below. Globally threatened species (status in red) were identified by Birdlife International in Birdlife Data Zone (species).

Bird Checklists of the World is part of Avibase and Bird links to the World, which are designed and maintained by Denis Lepage, and hosted by Birds Canada, which is a co-partner of Birdlife International.

© Denis Lepage 2023

Go back to Bird Checklists of the World
Go back to Bird Links to the World

Change display options:

See more checklists for Japan

You must be logged in to view your sighting details. To register to myAvibase click here.

Listen to random bird songs from Xeno-Canto for this region:

Recordings not starting automatically? Try enabling autoplay in your browser, or click the play button below.

Country or region: Chiba [map]

Other names: Tiba, 千葉県, Chiba-ken

Number of species: 410
Number of breeding endemics: 1
Number of introduced species: 9
Date last reviewed: 2018-05-21
Last modified: 2022-12-02
Text only
Photos & sounds
PDF (wide)
PDF (compact)
Recent additions
Hypotheticals

 
ANSERIFORMES: Anatidae

Mute SwanCygnus olorIntroduced species
Tundra SwanCygnus columbianusRare/Accidental
Whooper SwanCygnus cygnus
Brent GooseBranta bernicla
Cackling GooseBranta hutchinsiiRare/Accidental
Snow GooseAnser caerulescensRare/Accidental
Swan GooseAnser cygnoidRare/Accidental
Bean GooseAnser fabalis
Greater White-fronted GooseAnser albifrons
Lesser White-fronted GooseAnser erythropusRare/Accidental
Long-tailed DuckClangula hyemalis
Surf ScoterMelanitta perspicillataRare/Accidental
Velvet ScoterMelanitta fusca
Black ScoterMelanitta americana
BuffleheadBucephala albeolaRare/Accidental
Common GoldeneyeBucephala clangula
SmewMergellus albellus
GoosanderMergus merganser
Red-breasted MerganserMergus serrator
Harlequin DuckHistrionicus histrionicus
Common ShelduckTadorna tadorna
Ruddy ShelduckTadorna ferrugineaRare/Accidental
Red-crested PochardNetta rufinaRare/Accidental
Common PochardAythya ferina
CanvasbackAythya valisineriaRare/Accidental
Baer's PochardAythya baeriRare/Accidental
Ferruginous DuckAythya nyrocaRare/Accidental
Ring-necked DuckAythya collarisRare/Accidental
Tufted DuckAythya fuligula
Greater ScaupAythya marila
Lesser ScaupAythya affinisRare/Accidental
GarganeySpatula querquedula
Northern ShovelerSpatula clypeata
Baikal TealSibirionetta formosa
Falcated DuckMareca falcata
GadwallMareca strepera
Eurasian WigeonMareca penelope
American WigeonMareca americana
Chinese Spot-billed DuckAnas zonorhyncha
MallardAnas platyrhynchos
Northern PintailAnas acuta
Common TealAnas crecca
Mandarin DuckAix galericulata

 
GALLIFORMES: Phasianidae

Japanese QuailCoturnix japonica
Chinese Bamboo PartridgeBambusicola thoracicusIntroduced species
Copper PheasantSyrmaticus soemmerringiiEndemic (country/region)
Common PheasantPhasianus colchicus
Green PheasantPhasianus versicolorEndemic (country/region)
Rock PtarmiganLagopus muta

 
PHOENICOPTERIFORMES: Podicipedidae

Little GrebeTachybaptus ruficollis
Red-necked GrebePodiceps grisegena
Great Crested GrebePodiceps cristatus
Slavonian GrebePodiceps auritus
Black-necked GrebePodiceps nigricollis

 
COLUMBIFORMES: Columbidae

Rock DoveColumba liviaIntroduced species
Japanese PigeonColumba janthinaRare/Accidental
Oriental Turtle DoveStreptopelia orientalis
Eurasian Collared DoveStreptopelia decaocto
White-bellied Green PigeonTreron sieboldii

 
PHAETHONTIFORMES: Phaethontidae

Red-tailed TropicbirdPhaethon rubricauda

 
CAPRIMULGIFORMES: Caprimulgidae

Grey NightjarCaprimulgus indicus

 
CAPRIMULGIFORMES: Apodidae

White-throated NeedletailHirundapus caudacutus
Fork-tailed SwiftApus pacificus
House SwiftApus nipalensis

 
CUCULIFORMES: Cuculidae

Long-tailed KoelUrodynamis taitensisRare/Accidental
Northern Hawk CuckooHierococcyx hyperythrus
Common CuckooCuculus canorus
Oriental CuckooCuculus optatus
Lesser CuckooCuculus poliocephalus

 
GRUIFORMES: Rallidae

Swinhoe's RailCoturnicops exquisitusRare/Accidental
Eastern Water RailRallus indicus
Ruddy-breasted CrakeZapornia fusca
Baillon's CrakeZapornia pusilla
White-breasted WaterhenAmaurornis phoenicurus
Common MoorhenGallinula chloropus
Common CootFulica atra

 
GRUIFORMES: Gruidae

Siberian CraneLeucogeranus leucogeranusRare/Accidental
Sandhill CraneAntigone canadensisRare/Accidental
White-naped CraneAntigone vipioRare/Accidental
Red-crowned CraneGrus japonensis
Common CraneGrus grusRare/Accidental
Hooded CraneGrus monachaRare/Accidental

 
GAVIIFORMES: Gaviidae

Red-throated DiverGavia stellata
Black-throated DiverGavia arctica
Pacific LoonGavia pacifica
White-billed DiverGavia adamsii

 
PROCELLARIIFORMES: Oceanitidae

Wilson's Storm-petrelOceanites oceanicusRare/Accidental

 
PROCELLARIIFORMES: Diomedeidae

Laysan AlbatrossPhoebastria immutabilis
Black-footed AlbatrossPhoebastria nigripes
Short-tailed AlbatrossPhoebastria albatrus

 
PROCELLARIIFORMES: Hydrobatidae

Madeiran Storm-petrelHydrobates castro
Matsudaira's Storm-petrelHydrobates matsudairaeOutlying islands only
Leach's Storm-petrelHydrobates leucorhous
Swinhoe's Storm-petrelHydrobates monorhis
Tristram's Storm-petrelHydrobates tristrami
Fork-tailed Storm-petrelHydrobates furcatus

 
PROCELLARIIFORMES: Procellariidae

Northern FulmarFulmarus glacialis
Stejneger's PetrelPterodroma longirostrisRare/Accidental
Bonin PetrelPterodroma hypoleucaRare/Accidental
Providence PetrelPterodroma solandriRare/Accidental
White-necked PetrelPterodroma cervicalisRare/Accidental
Wedge-tailed ShearwaterArdenna pacifica
Buller's ShearwaterArdenna bulleriRare/Accidental
Short-tailed ShearwaterArdenna tenuirostris
Sooty ShearwaterArdenna grisea
Flesh-footed ShearwaterArdenna carneipes
Streaked ShearwaterCalonectris leucomelas
Bulwer's PetrelBulweria bulwerii

 
PELECANIFORMES: Ciconiidae

Oriental White StorkCiconia boyciana

 
PELECANIFORMES: Pelecanidae

Great White PelicanPelecanus onocrotalusRare/Accidental

 
PELECANIFORMES: Ardeidae

Eurasian BitternBotaurus stellaris
Yellow BitternIxobrychus sinensis
Schrenck's BitternIxobrychus eurhythmusRare/Accidental
Cinnamon BitternIxobrychus cinnamomeus
Japanese Night HeronGorsachius goisagi
Black-crowned Night HeronNycticorax nycticorax
Striated HeronButorides striata
Chinese Pond HeronArdeola bacchus
Cattle EgretBubulcus ibis
Grey HeronArdea cinerea
Purple HeronArdea purpureaRare/Accidental
Great EgretArdea alba
Intermediate EgretArdea intermedia
Little EgretEgretta garzetta
Pacific Reef EgretEgretta sacra
Chinese EgretEgretta eulophotesRare/Accidental

 
PELECANIFORMES: Threskiornithidae

Black-headed IbisThreskiornis melanocephalusRare/Accidental
Eurasian SpoonbillPlatalea leucorodia
Black-faced SpoonbillPlatalea minorRare/Accidental
Imperial Crested IbisNipponia nipponExtirpated

 
PELECANIFORMES: Fregatidae

Lesser FrigatebirdFregata ariel
Great FrigatebirdFregata minorRare/Accidental

 
PELECANIFORMES: Sulidae

Red-footed BoobySula sula
Brown BoobySula leucogaster
Masked BoobySula dactylatra

 
PELECANIFORMES: Phalacrocoracidae

Pelagic CormorantPhalacrocorax pelagicus
Great CormorantPhalacrocorax carbo
Japanese CormorantPhalacrocorax capillatus

 
CHARADRIIFORMES: Haematopodidae

Eurasian OystercatcherHaematopus ostralegus

 
CHARADRIIFORMES: Recurvirostridae

Pied AvocetRecurvirostra avosettaRare/Accidental
Black-winged StiltHimantopus himantopus

 
CHARADRIIFORMES: Charadriidae

Grey PloverPluvialis squatarola
Pacific Golden PloverPluvialis fulva
Common Ringed PloverCharadrius hiaticula
Semipalmated PloverCharadrius semipalmatusRare/Accidental
Long-billed PloverCharadrius placidus
Little Ringed PloverCharadrius dubius
Kentish PloverCharadrius alexandrinus
Lesser Sand PloverCharadrius mongolus
Greater Sand PloverCharadrius leschenaultii
Northern LapwingVanellus vanellusRare/Accidental
Grey-headed LapwingVanellus cinereus

 
CHARADRIIFORMES: Rostratulidae

Greater Painted-snipeRostratula benghalensis

 
CHARADRIIFORMES: Scolopacidae

Bristle-thighed CurlewNumenius tahitiensisRare/Accidental
WhimbrelNumenius phaeopus
Little CurlewNumenius minutusRare/Accidental
Slender-billed CurlewNumenius tenuirostrisRare/Accidental
Eurasian CurlewNumenius arquata
Far Eastern CurlewNumenius madagascariensis
Bar-tailed GodwitLimosa lapponica
Black-tailed GodwitLimosa limosa
Ruddy TurnstoneArenaria interpres
Great KnotCalidris tenuirostris
Red KnotCalidris canutus
RuffCalidris pugnax
Broad-billed SandpiperCalidris falcinellus
Sharp-tailed SandpiperCalidris acuminata
Curlew SandpiperCalidris ferruginea
Temminck's StintCalidris temminckii
Long-toed StintCalidris subminuta
Spoon-billed SandpiperCalidris pygmaeaRare/Accidental
Red-necked StintCalidris ruficollis
SanderlingCalidris alba
DunlinCalidris alpina
Rock SandpiperCalidris ptilocnemisRare/Accidental
Baird's SandpiperCalidris bairdiiRare/Accidental
Little StintCalidris minutaRare/Accidental
White-rumped SandpiperCalidris fuscicollisRare/Accidental
Pectoral SandpiperCalidris melanotos
Western SandpiperCalidris mauriRare/Accidental
Asian DowitcherLimnodromus semipalmatusRare/Accidental
Long-billed DowitcherLimnodromus scolopaceus
Eurasian WoodcockScolopax rusticola
Solitary SnipeGallinago solitaria
Latham's SnipeGallinago hardwickii
Swinhoe's SnipeGallinago megalaRare/Accidental
Common SnipeGallinago gallinago
Jack SnipeLymnocryptes minimusRare/Accidental
Terek SandpiperXenus cinereus
Common SandpiperActitis hypoleucos
Green SandpiperTringa ochropus
Grey-tailed TattlerTringa brevipes
Wandering TattlerTringa incanaRare/Accidental
Spotted RedshankTringa erythropus
Common GreenshankTringa nebularia
Common RedshankTringa totanus
Wood SandpiperTringa glareola
Marsh SandpiperTringa stagnatilis
Nordmann's GreenshankTringa guttiferRare/Accidental
Red-necked PhalaropePhalaropus lobatus
Grey PhalaropePhalaropus fulicarius

 
CHARADRIIFORMES: Glareolidae

Oriental PratincoleGlareola maldivarumRare/Accidental

 
CHARADRIIFORMES: Alcidae

Rhinoceros AukletCerorhinca monocerata
Long-billed MurreletBrachyramphus perdix
Pigeon GuillemotCepphus columbaRare/Accidental
Spectacled GuillemotCepphus carboRare/Accidental
Ancient MurreletSynthliboramphus antiquus
Japanese MurreletSynthliboramphus wumizusumeRare/Accidental
Common GuillemotUria aalge

 
CHARADRIIFORMES: Stercorariidae

Long-tailed SkuaStercorarius longicaudus
Arctic SkuaStercorarius parasiticus
Pomarine SkuaStercorarius pomarinus
South Polar SkuaStercorarius maccormicki

 
CHARADRIIFORMES: Laridae

Brown NoddyAnous stolidus
Black-legged KittiwakeRissa tridactyla
Red-legged KittiwakeRissa brevirostrisRare/Accidental
Brown-headed GullChroicocephalus brunnicephalusRare/Accidental
Black-headed GullChroicocephalus ridibundus
Saunders's GullSaundersilarus saundersiRare/Accidental
Little GullHydrocoloeus minutusRare/Accidental
Ross's GullRhodostethia roseaRare/Accidental
Black-tailed GullLarus crassirostris
Mew GullLarus canus
Ring-billed GullLarus delawarensisRare/Accidental
Lesser Black-backed GullLarus fuscusRare/Accidental
Caspian GullLarus cachinnansRare/Accidental
American Herring GullLarus smithsonianus
Thayer's GullLarus thayeriRare/Accidental
Iceland GullLarus glaucoidesRare/Accidental
Slaty-backed GullLarus schistisagus
Glaucous-winged GullLarus glaucescens
Glaucous GullLarus hyperboreus
Aleutian TernOnychoprion aleuticusRare/Accidental
Sooty TernOnychoprion fuscatusRare/Accidental
Bridled TernOnychoprion anaethetus
Little TernSternula albifrons
Gull-billed TernGelochelidon niloticaRare/Accidental
Caspian TernHydroprogne caspiaRare/Accidental
Whiskered TernChlidonias hybrida
White-winged TernChlidonias leucopterus
Black TernChlidonias nigerRare/Accidental
Roseate TernSterna dougalliiRare/Accidental
Common TernSterna hirundo
Arctic TernSterna paradisaeaRare/Accidental
Greater Crested TernThalasseus bergii

 
ACCIPITRIFORMES: Pandionidae

OspreyPandion haliaetus

 
ACCIPITRIFORMES: Accipitridae

Oriental Honey BuzzardPernis ptilorhynchus
Mountain Hawk EagleNisaetus nipalensis
Golden EagleAquila chrysaetos
Eastern Marsh HarrierCircus spilonotus
Hen HarrierCircus cyaneus
Pallid HarrierCircus macrourusRare/Accidental
Japanese SparrowhawkAccipiter gularis
BesraAccipiter virgatus
Eurasian SparrowhawkAccipiter nisus
Northern GoshawkAccipiter gentilis
White-tailed Sea EagleHaliaeetus albicilla
Steller's Sea EagleHaliaeetus pelagicusRare/Accidental
Black KiteMilvus migrans
Grey-faced BuzzardButastur indicus
Japanese BuzzardButeo japonicus

 
STRIGIFORMES: Strigidae

Northern BoobookNinox japonica
Oriental Scops OwlOtus sunia
Collared Scops OwlOtus bakkamoena
Northern Long-eared OwlAsio otus
Short-eared OwlAsio flammeus
Ural OwlStrix uralensis

 
BUCEROTIFORMES: Upupidae

Common HoopoeUpupa epops

 
PICIFORMES: Picidae

Northern WryneckJynx torquilla
Japanese WoodpeckerPicus awokeraEndemic (country/region)
Japanese Pygmy WoodpeckerDendrocopos kizuki
Lesser Spotted WoodpeckerDendrocopos minorRare/Accidental
White-backed WoodpeckerDendrocopos leucotos
Great Spotted WoodpeckerDendrocopos major

 
CORACIIFORMES: Coraciidae

DollarbirdEurystomus orientalis

 
CORACIIFORMES: Alcedinidae

Common KingfisherAlcedo atthis
Crested KingfisherMegaceryle lugubris
Ruddy KingfisherHalcyon coromanda

 
FALCONIFORMES: Falconidae

Common KestrelFalco tinnunculus
MerlinFalco columbarius
Eurasian HobbyFalco subbuteo
Peregrine FalconFalco peregrinus

 
PSITTACIFORMES: Psittaculidae

Rose-ringed ParakeetPsittacula krameriIntroduced species

 
PASSERIFORMES: Pittidae

Fairy PittaPitta nymphaRare/Accidental

 
PASSERIFORMES: Campephagidae

Ashy MinivetPericrocotus divaricatus
Japanese MinivetPericrocotus tegimaeEndemic (country/region)

 
PASSERIFORMES: Laniidae

Tiger ShrikeLanius tigrinusRare/Accidental
Bull-headed ShrikeLanius bucephalus
Brown ShrikeLanius cristatus

 
PASSERIFORMES: Corvidae

Azure-winged MagpieCyanopica cyanus
Eurasian JayGarrulus glandarius
Eurasian MagpiePica pica
Eurasian NutcrackerNucifraga caryocatactes
Daurian JackdawCorvus dauuricus
RookCorvus frugilegus
Carrion CrowCorvus corone
Large-billed CrowCorvus macrorhynchos

 
PASSERIFORMES: Monarchidae

Japanese Paradise-flycatcherTerpsiphone atrocaudata

 
PASSERIFORMES: Prunellidae

Alpine AccentorPrunella collaris
Japanese AccentorPrunella rubida

 
PASSERIFORMES: Estrildidae

Red AvadavatAmandava amandava
White-headed MuniaLonchura majaIntroduced species

 
PASSERIFORMES: Passeridae

Russet SparrowPasser cinnamomeus
Eurasian Tree SparrowPasser montanus

 
PASSERIFORMES: Motacillidae

Olive-backed PipitAnthus hodgsoni
American PipitAnthus rubescens
Richard's PipitAnthus richardi
Grey WagtailMotacilla cinerea
Citrine WagtailMotacilla citreolaRare/Accidental
Japanese Pied WagtailMotacilla grandis
White WagtailMotacilla alba

 
PASSERIFORMES: Fringillidae

BramblingFringilla montifringilla
HawfinchCoccothraustes coccothraustes
Yellow-billed GrosbeakEophona migratoria
Japanese GrosbeakEophona personata
Long-tailed RosefinchCarpodacus sibiricus
Pallas's RosefinchCarpodacus roseus
Eurasian BullfinchPyrrhula pyrrhula
Asian Rosy FinchLeucosticte arctoaRare/Accidental
Grey-capped GreenfinchChloris sinica
Common RedpollAcanthis flammea
Red CrossbillLoxia curvirostra
Eurasian SiskinSpinus spinus

 
PASSERIFORMES: Emberizidae

Chestnut-eared BuntingEmberiza fucata
Meadow BuntingEmberiza cioides
Yellow-throated BuntingSchoeniclus elegans
Japanese Reed BuntingSchoeniclus yessoensis
Eurasian Reed BuntingSchoeniclus schoeniclus
Black-faced BuntingSchoeniclus spodocephala
Japanese Yellow BuntingSchoeniclus sulphuratusBreeding endemic
Rustic BuntingSchoeniclus rusticus
Little BuntingSchoeniclus pusillus
Grey BuntingSchoeniclus variabilis

 
PASSERIFORMES: Passerellidae

Golden-crowned SparrowZonotrichia atricapillaRare/Accidental

 
PASSERIFORMES: Paridae

Yellow-bellied TitPardaliparus venustulusRare/Accidental
Coal TitPeriparus ater
Varied TitSittiparus varius
Willow TitPoecile montanus
Cinereous TitParus cinereus

 
PASSERIFORMES: Remizidae

Eastern Penduline TitRemiz consobrinus

 
PASSERIFORMES: Alaudidae

Eurasian Sky LarkAlauda arvensis

 
PASSERIFORMES: Cisticolidae

Zitting CisticolaCisticola juncidis

 
PASSERIFORMES: Locustellidae

Japanese Swamp WarblerLocustella pryeri
Lanceolated WarblerLocustella lanceolata

 
PASSERIFORMES: Acrocephalidae

Black-browed Reed WarblerAcrocephalus bistrigiceps
Oriental Reed WarblerAcrocephalus orientalis

 
PASSERIFORMES: Hirundinidae

Asian House MartinDelichon dasypus
Red-rumped SwallowCecropis daurica
Pacific SwallowHirundo tahitica
Barn SwallowHirundo rustica
Sand MartinRiparia riparia

 
PASSERIFORMES: Pycnonotidae

Brown-eared BulbulHypsipetes amaurotis

 
PASSERIFORMES: Phylloscopidae

Yellow-browed WarblerAbrornis inornatus
Dusky WarblerPhylloscopus fuscatus
Common ChiffchaffPhylloscopus collybitaRare/Accidental
Eastern Crowned Leaf WarblerSeicercus coronatus
Arctic WarblerSeicercus borealis
Kamtschatka Leaf WarblerSeicercus examinandus
Japanese Leaf WarblerSeicercus xanthodryas
Sakhalin Leaf WarblerSeicercus borealoides

 
PASSERIFORMES: Scotocercidae

Asian StubtailUrosphena squameiceps
Japanese Bush WarblerHorornis diphone
Manchurian Bush WarblerHorornis canturians

 
PASSERIFORMES: Aegithalidae

Long-tailed TitAegithalos caudatus

 
PASSERIFORMES: Zosteropidae

Japanese White-eyeZosterops japonicus

 
PASSERIFORMES: Leiothrichidae

Melodious Laughing-thrushGarrulax canorusIntroduced species
Red-billed LeiothrixLeiothrix luteaIntroduced species

 
PASSERIFORMES: Regulidae

GoldcrestRegulus regulus

 
PASSERIFORMES: Bombycillidae

Bohemian WaxwingBombycilla garrulus
Japanese WaxwingBombycilla japonica

 
PASSERIFORMES: Certhiidae

Eurasian TreecreeperCerthia familiaris

 
PASSERIFORMES: Sittidae

Eurasian NuthatchSitta europaea

 
PASSERIFORMES: Troglodytidae

Eurasian WrenTroglodytes troglodytes

 
PASSERIFORMES: Sturnidae

Common StarlingSturnus vulgaris
Chestnut-cheeked StarlingAgropsar philippensis
Asian Pied StarlingGracupica contraIntroduced species
White-shouldered StarlingSturnia sinensis
Red-billed StarlingSpodiopsar sericeusRare/Accidental
White-cheeked StarlingSpodiopsar cineraceus
Common MynaAcridotheres tristisIntroduced species
Crested MynaAcridotheres cristatellusRare/Accidental

 
PASSERIFORMES: Cinclidae

Brown DipperCinclus pallasii

 
PASSERIFORMES: Muscicapidae

Grey-streaked FlycatcherMuscicapa griseisticta
Dark-sided FlycatcherMuscicapa sibirica
Asian Brown FlycatcherMuscicapa dauurica
Blue-and-white FlycatcherCyanoptila cyanomelana
European RobinErithacus rubeculaRare/Accidental
Japanese RobinLarvivora akahige
Siberian Blue RobinLarvivora cyane
BluethroatLuscinia svecica
Red-flanked BluetailTarsiger cyanurus
Red-breasted FlycatcherFicedula parvaRare/Accidental
Taiga FlycatcherFicedula albicilla
Narcissus FlycatcherFicedula narcissina
Daurian RedstartPhoenicurus auroreus
Blue Rock ThrushMonticola solitarius
Eastern StonechatSaxicola maurus
Desert WheatearOenanthe desertiRare/Accidental

 
PASSERIFORMES: Turdidae

White's ThrushZoothera aurea
Scaly ThrushZoothera dauma
Siberian ThrushGeokichla sibirica
RedwingTurdus iliacusRare/Accidental
Japanese ThrushTurdus cardis
Eyebrowed ThrushTurdus obscurus
Izu Islands ThrushTurdus celaenopsRare/Accidental
Brown-headed ThrushTurdus chrysolaus
Pale ThrushTurdus pallidus
FieldfareTurdus pilarisRare/Accidental
Naumann's ThrushTurdus naumanniRare/Accidental
Dusky ThrushTurdus eunomus

 

References (partial list)

Avibase has been visited 365,004,048 times since 24 June 2003. © Denis Lepage | Privacy policy