Loxia curvirostra (Red Crossbill)

Red Crossbill

Loxia curvirostra Linnaeus, C 1758

The red crossbill or common crossbill is a small passerine bird in the finch family Fringillidae. Crossbills have distinctive mandibles, crossed at the tips, which enable them to extract seeds from conifer cones and other fruits. Source: Wikipedia

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Classification

Order:
  Passeriformes
Family:
  Fringillidae
Genus:
   Loxia
Scientific:
  Loxia curvirostra

Original description

Citation:
Linnaeus, C 1758

Reference:
Systema Naturae ed. 10 1 p.171

Protonym:
Loxia curvirostra

Type locality:
Europe ; restricted to Sweden by Hartert, 1904, Vogel pal. Fauna, p. 117.

Link:
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/10277#page/190/mode/1up

Avibase identifiers

Avibase ID:
135564AAF6B01DA2

Avibase ID:
avibase-135564AA

Short link:
https://avibase.ca/135564AA

Taxonomic Serial Number:
TSN: 179259

Geographic range:

Loxia curvirostra: conifer forest of subarctic to subtropical Holarctic: British Isles, Scandinavia (except far north) eastward across Russia to Sea of Okhotsk, Sakhalin, and Kuril Islands (southeastern Russia), Hokkaido to central Honshu (northern to central Japan), northern Korean Peninsula, in south through Iberian Peninsula, Morocco to Tunisia (northwestern to north-central Africa), eastward through Mediterranean, Turkey, Caucasus, Altai of eastern Kyrgyzstan, eastern Kazakhstan, northwestern Xinjiang (northwestern China), southern and central Mongolia to Heilongjiang and Hebei (northeastern China); disjunctly west-central to eastern Himalayas, southeastern Tibet, Qinghai, and Gansu to northwestern Yunnan; southern Vietnam; Luzon (northern Philippines); southeastern Alaska eastward to Newfoundland (northeastern Canada), southward to northern Baja California (northwestern Mexico), Rocky and Appalachian mountains, southward through Nicaragua; may winter irruptively southward
Loxia curvirostra curvirostra: coniferous forest of northern Europe to eastern Siberia and northern Mongolia
Loxia curvirostra poliogyna: Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia
Loxia curvirostra corsicana: coniferous forest of Corsica
Loxia curvirostra balearica: Balearic Islands
Loxia curvirostra guillemardi: Troödos Mountains (Cyprus)
Loxia curvirostra mariae: southwestern Crimean Peninsula
Loxia curvirostra pusilla (pusilla): widespread in the USA and highly irruptive, occurring northward to southern Canada and southward to far northern Mexico
Loxia curvirostra pusilla (percna): resident Newfoundland
Loxia curvirostra altaiensis: Altai Mountains
Loxia curvirostra himalayensis: Himalayas (Kashmir to Nepal, Sikkim, southwestern China, and southwestern Tibet)
Loxia curvirostra japonica: far northeastern Asia; winters to east-central China and southern Japanese islands
Loxia curvirostra tianschanica: Tien Shan Mountains (Kazakhstan)
Loxia curvirostra meridionalis: mountains of southern Vietnam (Da Lat Plateau)
Loxia curvirostra luzoniensis: northern Philippines (mountains of northern Luzon)
Loxia curvirostra bendirei: southern Yukon and northern British Columbia to western USA east of Cascades; winters to Baja California
Loxia curvirostra [benti, vividior, reai]: mountains of southeastern Montana and northeastern Wyoming to southwestern USA; winters to southern Texas
Loxia curvirostra minor: south-central Canada and north-central USA; winters to southeastern USA
Loxia curvirostra sitkensis: coastal southern Alaska to northwestern California; winters to northeastern USA
Loxia curvirostra grinnelli: mountains of southwestern USA
Loxia curvirostra stricklandi: southeastern Arizona and southern New Mexico southward through western Mexico (Sierra Nevada Occidental) to Chiapas
Loxia curvirostra mesamericana: montane pine forest from Guatemala to northern Nicaragua
Show more...

Source: Clements checklist

English:
Red Crossbill
Catalan:
Trencapinyes comú
Czech:
křivka obecná
Danish:
Lille Korsnæb
German:
Fichtenkreuzschnabel
Spanish:
Piquituerto Común
Spanish (Spain):
Piquituerto Común
Finnish:
pikkukäpylintu
French:
Bec-croisé des sapins
Croatian:
Krstokljun
Hungarian:
Keresztcsőrű
Icelandic:
Krossnefur
Italian:
Crociere comune
Japanese (romaji):
isuka
Japanese:
イスカ
Lithuanian:
Eglinis kryžiasnapis
Dutch:
Kruisbek
Norwegian Nynorsk:
Grankrossnebb
Norwegian:
Grankorsnebb
Polish:
krzyżodziób świerkowy
Portuguese:
cruza-bico
Portuguese (Portugal):
cruza-bico-comum
Russian:
Клёст-еловик
Slovak:
krivonos smrekový
Serbian:
krstokljun
Swedish:
Mindre korsnäbb
Ukrainian:
Шишкар ялиновий
Chinese:
红交嘴雀
Chinese (Traditional):
紅交嘴雀

Authorities recognizing this taxonomic concept:

American Ornithologists' Society 7th edition (incl. 58th suppl.): Red Crossbill ( Loxia curvirostra)
American Ornithologists' Society 7th edition (incl. 59th suppl.): Red Crossbill ( Loxia curvirostra)
American Ornithologists' Society 7th edition (incl. 60th suppl.): Red Crossbill ( Loxia curvirostra)
American Ornithologists' Society 7th edition (incl. 61st suppl.): Red Crossbill ( Loxia curvirostra)
American Ornithologists' Society 7th edition (incl. 61st suppl. and addendum): Red Crossbill ( Loxia curvirostra)
American Ornithologists' Society 7th edition (incl. 62nd suppl.): Red Crossbill ( Loxia curvirostra)
American Ornithologists' Society 7th edition (incl. 63rd suppl.): Red Crossbill ( Loxia curvirostra)
American Ornithologists' Society 7th edition (incl. 64th suppl.): Red Crossbill ( Loxia curvirostra)
American Ornithologists' Society 7th edition (incl. 65th suppl.): Red Crossbill ( Loxia curvirostra)
Avibase taxonomic concepts (current): Red Crossbill ( Loxia curvirostra) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 2023 (May 2023): Red Crossbill ( Loxia curvirostra) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 2024 (Oct 2024): Red Crossbill ( Loxia curvirostra) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 01 (August 2013): Red Crossbill ( Loxia curvirostra) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 02 (May 2014): Red Crossbill ( Loxia curvirostra) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 03 (March 2015): Red Crossbill ( Loxia curvirostra) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 04 (Aug 2016): Red Crossbill ( Loxia curvirostra) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 05 (Jan 2017): Red Crossbill ( Loxia curvirostra) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 06 (Feb 2018): Red Crossbill ( Loxia curvirostra) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 07 (Feb 2020): Red Crossbill ( Loxia curvirostra) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 08 (Feb 2021): Red Crossbill ( Loxia curvirostra) [version 1]
Clements, version 2021: Red Crossbill ( Loxia curvirostra) [version 1]
Clements, version 2022: Red Crossbill ( Loxia curvirostra) [version 1]
Clements, version 2023: Red Crossbill ( Loxia curvirostra) [version 1]
Clements, version 2024: Red Crossbill ( Loxia curvirostra) [version 1]
Clements, version 2017: Red Crossbill ( Loxia curvirostra) [version 1]
Clements, version 2018: Red Crossbill ( Loxia curvirostra) [version 1]
Clements, version 2019: Red Crossbill ( Loxia curvirostra) [version 1]
eBird version 2017: Red Crossbill ( Loxia curvirostra) [version 1]
eBird version 2018: Red Crossbill ( Loxia curvirostra) [version 1]
eBird version 2019: Red Crossbill ( Loxia curvirostra) [version 1]
eBird version 2021: Red Crossbill ( Loxia curvirostra) [version 1]
eBird version 2022: Red Crossbill ( Loxia curvirostra) [version 1]
eBird version 2023: Red Crossbill ( Loxia curvirostra) [version 1]
eBird version 2024: Red Crossbill ( Loxia curvirostra) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 7.3: Red Crossbill ( Loxia curvirostra) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 8.1: Red Crossbill ( Loxia curvirostra) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 8.2: Red Crossbill ( Loxia curvirostra) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 9.1: Red Crossbill ( Loxia curvirostra) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 9.2: Red Crossbill ( Loxia curvirostra) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 10.1: Red Crossbill ( Loxia curvirostra) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 10.2: Red Crossbill ( Loxia curvirostra) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 11.1: Red Crossbill ( Loxia curvirostra) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 11.2: Red Crossbill ( Loxia curvirostra) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 12.1: Red Crossbill ( Loxia curvirostra) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 12.2: Red Crossbill ( Loxia curvirostra) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 13.1: Red Crossbill ( Loxia curvirostra) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 13.2: Red Crossbill ( Loxia curvirostra) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 14.1: Red Crossbill ( Loxia curvirostra) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 14.2: Red Crossbill ( Loxia curvirostra) [version 1]

Taxonomic status:

Species status: full species (sometimes nominal subspecies)

This taxon is considered a subspecies of Loxia [curvirostra or sinesciuris] (sensu lato) by some authors

Your sightings

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Related taxa

Alternative arrangements: 1 2 3 4

Highlight taxa in a checklist (shown in red)

Other related concepts

Loxia curvirostra x Crithagra mozambica (hybrid)
Loxia curvirostra x Crithagra flaviventris (hybrid)
Loxia curvirostra x Crithagra striolata (hybrid)
Bucanetes githagineus x Loxia curvirostra (hybrid)
Haemorhous mexicanus x Loxia curvirostra (hybrid)
Loxia [curvirostra x pytyopsittacus] (hybrid)
Loxia [curvirostra x leucoptera] (hybrid)
Loxia curvirostra [type 1] (phenotype)
Loxia curvirostra [type 2] (phenotype)
Loxia curvirostra [type 2 or 4] (phenotype)
Loxia curvirostra [type 3] (phenotype)
Loxia curvirostra [type 3 or 4] (phenotype)
Loxia curvirostra [type 4] (phenotype)
Loxia curvirostra [type 5] (phenotype)
Loxia curvirostra [type 6] (phenotype)
Loxia curvirostra [type 7] (phenotype)
Loxia curvirostra [type 8] (phenotype)
Loxia curvirostra [type 10 or 12] (phenotype)
Loxia curvirostra [type A] (phenotype)
Loxia curvirostra [type B] (phenotype)
Loxia curvirostra [type C] (phenotype)
Loxia curvirostra [type D] (phenotype)
Loxia curvirostra [type E] (phenotype)
Loxia curvirostra [type F] (phenotype)
Loxia curvirostra [type X] (phenotype)
Loxia curvirostra [type N] (phenotype)
Fringilla montifringilla x Loxia curvirostra (hybrid)
Serinus canaria [var. domesticus] x Loxia curvirostra (hybrid)
Chloris chloris x Loxia curvirostra (hybrid)
Spinus pinus x Loxia curvirostra (hybrid)
Carduelis carduelis x Loxia curvirostra (hybrid)
Acanthis flammea x Loxia curvirostra (hybrid)
Linaria cannabina x Loxia curvirostra (hybrid)
Carpodacus erythrinus x Loxia curvirostra (hybrid)
Loxia curvirostra x Pyrrhula pyrrhula (hybrid)

Other synonyms

See also the taxonomic synonyms table.

Abkhazian: аҦсард
Arabic: الهزار الاحمر, نوع من الطيور
Asturian: Piñoneru, Piñoneru común, Tixera
Azerbaijani: alacadimdik, Küknar çaltadimdiyi, Küknar çataldimdiyi, küknar qartaldimdiyi, yolka çataldimdiyi
Bashkir: нарат сыпсығы, тәресуҡыш, шыршы турғайы
Belarusian: Белакрылы крыжадзюб, Крыжадзюб, Крыжадзюб-яловік
Bulgarian: Обикновена кръсточовка
Breton: Ar beg-kroaz, Beg-kroaz
Catalan: Trencapinyes, Trencapinyes comú, Trencapinyons
Catalan (Balears): Trencapinyons
Montenegrin: krstokljun, крстокљун
Montenegrin (Cyrillic): крстокљун
Czech: køivka obecná, Krivka obecná, Křivka obecná
Chuvash: чăрăш кукăрсăмси
Welsh: Croesbig, Gylfin groes, Gylfingroes
Danish: Lille korsnæb
German: Fichtenkreuzschnabel
Greek: (Κοινός) Σταυρομύτης, Σταυρoμύτης, Σταυρομούττης, Σταυρομύτης
Greek (Cypriot): Σταυρομούττης
English: American Crossbill, Bendire's Crossbill, Bent's Crossbill, Common Crossbill, Crossbill, Fir Crossbill, Grinnell's Crossbill, Mexican Crossbill, Newfoundland Crossbill, Red Crossbill, Sitka Crossbill
English (United Kingdom): Common Crossbill
English, HBW: Red Crossbill (not sinesciuris)
English (IOC): Red Crossbill
English (United States): Red Crossbill
Esperanto: malgranda krucbekulo, Ruĝa krucbekulo
Spanish: Picotuerto Rojo, Piquituerto, Piquituerto Común, Piquituerto franjeado, piquituerto rojo, Piquitureto Común
Spanish (Spain): Piquituerto Común
Spanish (HBW): Piquituerto común
Spanish (Honduras): piquituerto rojo
Spanish (Mexico): Picotuerto Rojo
Spanish (Nicaragua): Piquituerto Común
Estonian: Kuuse-käbilind
Basque: Mokoker (arrunt), Mokokerra, Trencapinyes
Persian: سهره نوک‌ قیچی, سهره نوک‌قیچی, سهرۀ نوک‌قیچی
Finnish: Pikkukäpylintu
Faroese: Krossnev
French: Bec-croisé commun, Beccroisé des sapins, Bec-croisé des sapins, Bec-croise rouge, Bec-croisé rouge
Friulian: bec crosât, bec in crôs, bec stuart, becstuart
Frisian: Krúsbek
Irish: Crosghob
Gaelic: Cam-Ghob
Galician: Cruzabico, Cruzabico común, Trencapinyes
Manx: Gob cam
Hebrew: צלוב מקור, צלוב מקור מצוי, צלוב־מקור, צלוב-מקור, צלוב-מקור אדום
Croatian: Krstokljun, Krstokljun omorikaš
Hungarian: Keresztcsoru, Keresztcsõrû, Keresztcsőrű
Armenian: [Yeghevnu Khachktuts ], Եղեվնու Խաչկտուց, Եղևնու Խաչկտուց
Icelandic: Krossnefur
Italian: Crociere, Crociere comune
Japanese (romaji): isuka
Japanese: イスカ
Japanese (Kanji): 交喙, 鶍
Georgian: ნასკარტმარწუხა, ნისკარტმარწუხა
Kara-Kalpak: тоғай шымшығы
Kabardian: пэкъуу, пэкъыу
Mongolian, Halh: гацуурын загалмай бялзуухай, гацуурын солбинхушуут, загалмай бялзуухай
Khakas: Алысхан
Kazakh: шырша қайшыауызы, шырша торғайы, Шыршашыл қайшауыз, шыршашыл қайшыауыз
Kazakh (Transliteration): şırşaşıl qayşawız
Korean: 솔잣새
Korean (Transliteration): sol-jas-sae
Karachay-Balkar: къапчыкъбурун, къыбчакъбурун, назы чыпчыкъ
Cornish: Gelvyn cam
Kirghiz: кайчы тумшук, кайчытумшук, карагайчыл кайчытумшук
Scientific: Crucirostra vulgaris, Loxia curvirostra, Loxia curvirostra curvirostra, Loxia curvirostra poliogyna
Luxembourgish: Kräizschniewel
Lithuanian: Eglinis kryžiasnapis
Latvian: Egļu krustknābis, Egļu putns
Macedonian: Крстоклун
Mongolian: Гацуурын загалмай бялзуухай, Гацуурын солбин хошуут, Гацуурын солбинхушуут, загалмай бялзуухай, улаан загалмай божрог
Mongolian (Bichig, Inner Mongolia): ᠣᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯᠮᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠵᠢᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ
Mongolian (Cyrillic, Inner Mongolia): Улаан загалмай божрог
Mongolian (Transliteration): khürdeg zagalmai byalzuukhai, tol't solbiŋ-khushuut, ulaan zagalmai bojrog
Moldavian: Forfecuță
Montagnais (Innu-aimun): ashtaukuteshish
Maltese: Kruċjat, ortulan geddumu imsallab
Mongolian, Chakhar (Peripheral): улаан загалмай божрог
Nepali: कÄचीठू“डे
Dutch: Kruisbek
Norwegian Nynorsk: Grankrossnebb
Norwegian: Grankorsnebb
Polish: krzyzodziób swierkowy, Krzyżodziób świerkowy
Pinyin: bái-fù-hé, dōng-fāng jiāo-zuǐ, hóng jiāo-zuǐ, hóng jiāo-zuǐ-què, jiāo-huì-niǎo, jiāo-zuǐ, jiāo-zuǐ-niǎo, jiāo-zuǐ-què, qīng jiāo-zuǐ, wāi-zuǐ què
Portuguese: cruza bico, Cruza-bico, Cruza-bico(-comum), Cruza-bico-comum
Portuguese (Portugal): Cruza-bico, cruza-bico-comum
Romansh: Cruscharel
Rhaeto-Romance: Cruscharel
Romanian: Forfecuță, Forfecuţa
Russian: Klyost-yelovik, Клест обыкновенный, Клест-еловик, Клёст-еловик, обыкновенный, Обыкновенный клест, Обыкновенный клёст, Обыкновенный Клест - Клест Еловик
Yakut: харыйа ымыыта
Scots: Cam ghob
Northern Sami: Guossabáhcatloddi
Slovak: Krivonos obyčajný, krivonos smrekový
Slovenian: krivokljun, mali krivokljun
Albanian: Sqepkryqi
Serbian: krstokljun, Крстоклјун, Крстокљун
Swedish: Mindre korsnäbb
Turkmen: ýolkaçy girrik
Turkish: Bayağı çaprazgaga, Çaprazgaga, Yeni Dünya
Tatar: чыршы чукыры
Tuvinian: Белдир хаай, белдир-хаай, Моча-хаай
Udmurt: ваменныр, горд пекшал, горд пештал, гордказ, гордпекшал, гордпештал, кайсы, кайсыос, качы, кечатныр, кызулбур, пештал
Ukrainian: Шишкар ялиновий , Ялиновий шишкар
Uzbek: арча қайчитумшуғи
Vietnamese: Chim Mỏ chéo, Mỏ chéo
Kalmyk: һацурма, ногтыры
Chinese: [hong jiao-zui-que], [jiao-hui-niao], [jiao-zui], [jiao-zui-niao], [wai-zui que], 东方交嘴, 交喙鸟, 交嘴, 交嘴雀, 交嘴鸟, 歪嘴雀, 白腹鶡, 红交嘴, 红交嘴雀, 青交嘴
Chinese (Traditional): 交喙鳥, 交嘴, 交嘴雀, 交嘴鳥, 東方交嘴, 歪嘴雀, 白腹鶡, 紅交嘴, 紅交嘴雀, 青交嘴