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Brown Crake

Zapornia akool (Sykes, WH 1832)

The brown crake, or brown bush-hen, is a waterbird in the rail and crake family (Rallidae) found in South Asia. The species name, akool, is of uncertain origin. It may come from Hindu mythology, or it may be a derivation of the Sinhalese word kukkula, which is used for both moorhen and watercock. Source: Wikipedia




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Classification
Order:
  Gruiformes
Family:
  Rallidae
Genus:
   Zapornia
Scientific:
  Zapornia akool

Original description

Citation:
  (Sykes, WH 1832)

Reference:
   Proc. Comm. Sci. Corres. Zool. Soc. London 2, no.23 p.164

Protonym:
  Rallus Akool

Type locality:
  Deccan.

Link:
  https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/16559#page/368/mode/1up

Avibase identifiers

Avibase ID:
  457C01A2A4FE25FF

Avibase ID:
  avibase-457C01A2

Short link:
  https://avibase.ca/457C01A2

Taxonomic Serial Number:
  TSN: 176381

Geographic range:

  • Zapornia akool: disjunctly in lowland to foothill dense swamps, reedy riparian areas, and sugar cane fields, from northeastern Pakistan eastward through Indian subcontinent to western Myanmar, and in southeastern China southward to northeastern Vietnam
  • Zapornia akool akool: India to Bangladesh and western Myanmar
  • Zapornia akool coccineipes: southeastern China to northeastern Vietnam
Source: Clements checklist
English:
Brown Crake
Afrikaans:
Bruinriethaan
Azerbaijani:
qonur kiçik sufərəsi
Bulgarian:
Кафява пъструшка
Bengali:
খয়রা ঝিল্লি
Catalan:
Polla akool
Czech:
chřástal hnědohřbetý
Danish:
Brun Rørhøne
German:
Braunbauch-Kielralle
Esperanto:
brundorsa ralo
Spanish:
Gallineta akul
Spanish (Spain):
Gallineta Akul
Estonian:
pruunhuik
Finnish:
ruskosuokana
French:
Marouette akool
Croatian:
smeđoleđa štijoka
Hungarian:
barnahasú lápityúk
Italian:
Rallo bruno
Japanese (romaji):
chabanekuina
Japanese:
チャバネクイナ
Lithuanian:
rudasis amaurornis
Latvian:
pelēkais ormanītis
Nepali:
ध्वा“से सिमकुखुरा
Dutch:
Bruin Waterhoen
Norwegian Nynorsk:
Jernrikse
Norwegian:
Jernrikse
Polish:
bagiewnik brązowy
Portuguese:
Sanã-marrom
Portuguese (Portugal):
franga-d'água-castanha
Russian:
Серобрюхий погоныш
Slovak:
chriašť hnedý
Serbian:
Žutokljuni barski petlić
Swedish:
brun sumphöna
Turkish:
Boz Yelve
Ukrainian:
Багновик бурий
Chinese:
红脚苦恶鸟
Chinese (Traditional):
紅腳苦惡鳥

Authorities recognizing this taxonomic concept:

Avibase taxonomic concepts (current):
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 2023 (May 2023):
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 2024 (Oct 2024):
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 2025 (Nov 2025):
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 01 (August 2013):
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 02 (May 2014):
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 03 (March 2015):
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 04 (Aug 2016):
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 05 (Jan 2017):
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 06 (Feb 2018):
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 07 (Feb 2020):
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 08 (Feb 2021):
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
Avilist 2025:
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
Birdlife checklist version 00:
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
Birdlife checklist version 01:
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
Birdlife checklist version 02:
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
Birdlife checklist version 03:
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
Birdlife checklist version 04:
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
Birdlife checklist version 05 (Jun 2012):
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
Birdlife checklist version 05.1 (Oct 2012):
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
Birdlife checklist version 06 (Nov 2013):
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
Birdlife checklist version 06.1 (Feb 2014):
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
Birdlife checklist version 07 (Jul 2014):
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
Birdlife checklist version 08 (Oct 2015):
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
Birdlife checklist version 09 (Dec 2016):
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
Birdlife checklist version 09.1 (Jun 2017):
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v2 (Dec 2017):
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v3 (Nov 2018):
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v4 (Dec 2019):
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v5 (Dec 2020):
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v6 (Dec 2021):
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v6b (Jul 2022):
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v7 (Dec 2022):
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v8 (Dec 2023):
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v9 (Oct 2024):
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v10 (Oct 2025):
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
Commission internationale pour les noms français des oiseaux (1993, révision 2009):
Râle akool ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
Commission internationale pour les noms français des oiseaux (1993):
Râle akool ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
Clements 1st edition:
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
Clements, version 2021:
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
Clements, version 2022:
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
Clements, version 2023:
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
Clements, version 2024:
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
Clements, version 2025:
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
Clements 3rd edition:
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
Clements 4th edition:
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
Clements 5th edition (as published):
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
Clements 5th edition (incl. 2000 revisions):
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
Clements 5th edition (incl. 2001 revisions):
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
Clements 5th edition (incl. 2002 revisions):
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
Clements 5th edition (incl. 2003 revisions):
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
Clements 5th edition (incl. 2004 revisions):
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
Clements 5th edition (incl. 2005 revisions):
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
Clements 6th edition:
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
Clements 6th edition (incl. 2007 revisions):
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
Clements 6th edition (incl. 2008 revisions):
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
Clements 6th edition (incl. 2009 revisions):
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
Clements 6th edition (version 6.5 incl. 2010 revisions):
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
Clements 6th edition (version 6.6 incl. 2011 revisions):
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
Clements 6th edition (version 6.7 incl. 2012 revisions):
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
Clements 6th edition (version 6.8 incl. 2013 revisions):
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
Clements 6th edition (version 6.9 incl. 2014 revisions):
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
Clements, version 2015:
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
Clements, version 2016:
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
Clements, version 2017:
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
Clements, version 2018:
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
Clements, version 2019:
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
eBird version 1.50:
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
eBird version 1.52:
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
eBird version 1.53:
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
eBird version 1.54:
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
eBird version 1.55:
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
eBird version 2015:
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
eBird version 2016:
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
eBird version 2017:
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
eBird version 2018:
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
eBird version 2019:
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
eBird version 2021:
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
eBird version 2022:
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
eBird version 2023:
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
eBird version 2024:
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
eBird version 2025:
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
Howard and Moore 2nd edition:
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
Howard and Moore 2nd edition (incl. ? suppl):
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (as published):
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 1.2):
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 2.1):
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 3.1):
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 4):
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 5):
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 6):
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 7):
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 8):
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
Howard and Moore 4th edition (vol. 1-2):
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
Howard and Moore 4th edition (incl. corrigenda vol.1-2):
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
Handbook of the Birds of the World (vol 1-16):
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (31/01/2015):
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (03/07/2017):
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
Handbook of the Birds of the World and Birdlife (Dec 2017):
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
Handbook of the Birds of the World and Birdlife (Dec 2018):
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 1.0:
Brown Bush-hen ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 1.1:
Brown Bush-hen ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 1.5:
Brown Bush-hen ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 1.6:
Brown Bush-hen ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 1.7:
Brown Bush-hen ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.0:
Brown Bush-hen ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.1:
Brown Bush-hen ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.2:
Brown Bush-hen ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.3:
Brown Bush-hen ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.4:
Brown Bush-hen ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.5:
Brown Bush-hen ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.6:
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.7:
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.8:
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.9:
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.10:
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.11:
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 3.1:
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 3.2:
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 3.3:
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 3.4:
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 3.5:
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 4.1:
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 4.2:
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 4.3:
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 4.4:
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 5.1:
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 5.2:
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 5.3:
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 5.4:
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 6.1:
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 6.2:
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 6.3:
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 6.4:
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 7.1:
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 7.2:
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 7.3:
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 8.1:
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 8.2:
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 9.1:
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 9.2:
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 10.1:
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 10.2:
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 11.1:
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 11.2:
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 12.1:
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 12.2:
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 13.1:
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 13.2:
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 14.1:
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 14.2:
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 15.1:
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 15.2:
Brown Crake ( Zapornia akool) [version 1]
Morony, Bock and Farrand:
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
Oriental Bird Club:
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
Peters' Check-list of the Birds:
Amaurornis akool [version 1]
Peters' Check-list of the Birds (original):
Amaurornis akool [version 1]
Peters' Check-list of the Birds (2nd edition):
Amaurornis akool [version 1]
Sibley and Monroe (1993):
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
Sibley and Monroe (1993, including corrections up to 1998):
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
Sibley and Monroe, Birds of the World Version 2.0:
Brown Crake ( Amaurornis akool) [version 1]
Zoonomen - Zoological Nomenclature Resource:
Amaurornis akool [version 1]
Zoonomen - Zoological Nomenclature Resource:
Amaurornis akool [version 1]

Taxonomic status:

Species status: full species

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Related taxa

Highlight taxa in a checklist (shown in red)

Other synonyms

See also the taxonomic synonyms table.


Afrikaans: Bruinriethaan
Azerbaijani: qonur kiçik sufərəsi
Bulgarian: Кафява пъструшка
Bengali: খয়রা ঝিল্লি, িয়যা চঝচি
Bengali (Bangladesh): খয়রা ঝিল্লি
Bengali (India): খয়রা ঝিল্লি
Bengali (transliteration): khaẏarā jhilli
Catalan: Polla akool
Czech: chřástal hnědohřbetý, Slípka hnedá
Danish: Brun Rørhøne
German: Braunbauchkielralle, Braunbauch-Kielralle
English: Brown Bush-hen, Brown Crake, Brown Swamphen, Brown waterhen, Crimson-legged Crake
English (Avilist): Brown Crake
English, HBW: Brown Crake
English (IOC): Brown Crake
English (United States): Brown Crake
Esperanto: Akoola amaŭrornito, Akool-amaŭrornito, brundorsa ralo
Spanish: Gallineta Akool, Gallineta akul
Spanish (Spain): Gallineta Akul
Spanish (HBW): Brown Crake
Estonian: pruunhuik
Finnish: Ruskosuokana
French: Marouette akool, Râle à ventre brun, Râle akool
French (Guyane): Marouette akool
Gujarati: તપખીરી સંતાકૂકડી
Hindi: भूरी क्रेक
Croatian: smeđoleđa štijoka
Hungarian: barnahasú lápityúk
Italian: Rallo bruno
Japanese (romaji): cha-bane kuina, chabanekuina, chabannekuina
Japanese: チャバネクイナ, チャバンネクイナ
Japanese (Kanji): 茶羽水鶏, 茶羽秧鶏
Kannada: ಕಂದು ಜೌಗುಕೋಳಿ
Scientific: Amaurornis akool, Amaurornis akool akool, Rallus Akool, Zapornia akool, Zapornia akool akool
Lithuanian: rudasis amaurornis, Rudoji žaliasnapė vištelė
Latvian: pelēkais ormanītis
Manipuri: Thembi utman
Malay: Burung Sintar Coklat
Nepali: ध्वा“से सिमकुखुरा
Dutch: Bruin Moerashoen, Bruin Waterhoen
Norwegian Nynorsk: Jernrikse
Norwegian: Jernrikse
Punjabi: ਭੂਰਾ ਜਲ-ਬਟੇਰ
Polish: bagiewnik brazowy, bagiewnik brązowy, kureczka brązowa
Pinyin: hóng-jiǎo kǔ-è-niǎo
Portuguese: Sanã-marrom
Portuguese (Portugal): franga-d'água-castanha
Russian: Бурый малый пастушок, Серобрюхий погоныш
Slovak: chriašť hnedý
Serbian: Žutokljuni barski petlić
Swedish: Brun sumphöna
Telugu: గోధుమరంగు వడి కోడి
Turkish: Boz Yelve
Ukrainian: Багновик бурий
Vietnamese: Chim Cuốc chân đỏ, Cuốc chân đỏ
Chinese: 紅腳苦惡鳥, 红脚苦恶鸟
Chinese (Hong Kong): 紅腳田雞
Chinese (Traditional): 紅腳苦惡鳥
Chinese (Taiwan, Traditional): 紅腳苦惡鳥
Chinese (Taiwan): 红脚苦恶鸟

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