Welcome Guest

Chestnut-breasted Malkoha (Chestnut-breasted)

Phaenicophaeus curvirostris [curvirostris] (= Phaenicophaeus curvirostris curvirostris) (Shaw, G 1810)

Related taxa:
Life history data
Download as CSV | JSON
Species distribution
Geographical range
Value: southern Myanmar (Tenasserim), through the Thai-Malay Peninsula including Singapore, and on Sumatra and Bangka, Java and Bali, Borneo, and the Palawan group in the southwestern Philippines
Source: Clements, version 2024
Maximum latitude of breeding range
Value: 13.97
Units: degrees
Source: Tobias et al. 2021
Minimum latitude of breeding range
Value: -8.85
Units: degrees
Source: Tobias et al. 2021
Centroid latitude
Value: 0.78
Units: degrees
Source: Tobias et al. 2021
Value: 0.58
Units: degrees
Source: Bird et al. 2020
Centroid longitude
Value: 108.54
Units: degrees
Source: Tobias et al. 2021
Breeding restricted to island(s)
Value: 0
Source: Sekercioglu et al. 2025
Latitudinal range
Value: Tropical
Source: Sekercioglu et al. 2025
Migration strategy
Value: Sedentary
Source: Tobias et al. 2021
Value: Not a Migrant
Source: Bird et al. 2020
Total range size
Value: 5160000
Units: km2
Source: Bird et al. 2020
Value: 1217500.23
Units: km2
Source: Tobias et al. 2021
Value: > 50000
Units: km2
Source: Sekercioglu et al. 2025
Realm
Value: Indomalayan
Source: Sekercioglu et al. 2025
Sedentary, largely does not migrate
Value: 1: Yes
Source: Sekercioglu et al. 2025
Habitat
Altitude
Value:
Range: 0 - 1100
Units: m
Source: Sekercioglu et al. 2025
Value:
Range: 0 - 1100
Units: m
Source: Bird et al. 2020
Minimum and maximum altitude recorded
Value:
Range: - 1500
Units: m
Source: Sekercioglu et al. 2025
Altitude range
Value: 1100
Units: m
Source: Sekercioglu et al. 2025
Number of major habitats used
Value: 4
Source: Sekercioglu et al. 2025
Habitat density (1-3)
Value: Dense habitats
Source: Tobias et al. 2021
Habitat description
Value: Forest
Source: Tobias et al. 2021
Value: FOREST
Source: Bird et al. 2020
Primary lifestyle
Value: Terrestrial
Source: Bird et al. 2020
Value: DIURNAL
Source: Bird et al. 2020
First habitat
Value: F: Forest, secondary forest, swamp forest, tree-fall gaps, taiga, igapo, varzea
Units: rank
Source: Sekercioglu et al. 2025
Second habitat
Value: A: Artificial, agricultural, farms, plantations, suburban, quarry, mine, excavation, dams and man-made lakes
Units: rank
Source: Sekercioglu et al. 2025
Third habitat
Value: C: Sea coast, mangrove, estuary, bays, shores, fjords (only sea coast), coastal dune
Units: rank
Source: Sekercioglu et al. 2025
Fourth habitat
Value: SH: Shrubland, scrub, secondary growth (with few trees), cerrado, campo, karoo, thickets, roadside growth, heaths, copses, hedgerow, vine tangle, caatinga, chaco
Units: rank
Source: Sekercioglu et al. 2025
Food and feeding habits
Number of major food types consumed
Value: 3
Source: Sekercioglu et al. 2025
Source used for diet data
Value: 1
Source: Sekercioglu et al. 2025
Main food source
Value: Invertebrate
Source: Sekercioglu et al. 2025
Value: Invertebrate
Source: Bird et al. 2020
Ecological Specialization Index
Value: 0.920819
Source: Sekercioglu et al. 2025
Trophic level
Value: Carnivore
Source: Tobias et al. 2021
Trophic niche
Value: Invertivore
Source: Tobias et al. 2021
Weight of fish in diet
Value: 0
Source: Sekercioglu et al. 2025
Weight of fruits in diet
Value: 1
Source: Sekercioglu et al. 2025
Weight of invertebrates in diet
Value: 7
Source: Sekercioglu et al. 2025
Weight of land vertebrates in diet
Value: 2
Source: Sekercioglu et al. 2025
Weight of miscellaneous in diet
Value: 0
Source: Sekercioglu et al. 2025
Weight of nectar in diet
Value: 0
Source: Sekercioglu et al. 2025
Weight of plant material in diet
Value: 0
Source: Sekercioglu et al. 2025
Weight of scavenging in diet
Value: 0
Source: Sekercioglu et al. 2025
Weight of seeds in diet
Value: 0
Source: Sekercioglu et al. 2025
Sum of the weighted diets
Value: 10
Source: Sekercioglu et al. 2025
Body measurements
Bill depth (females)
Value: 1.715
Range: 1.67 - 1.76
Units: cm
Sample: 2
Source: Tobias et al. 2021
Bill depth (males)
Value: 1.715
Range: 1.69 - 1.74
Units: cm
Sample: 2
Source: Tobias et al. 2021
Bill depth (sex unknown)
Value: 1.715
Range: 1.67 - 1.76
Units: cm
Sample: 4
Source: Tobias et al. 2021
Bill length (females) - Culmen
Value: 4.42
Range: 4.3 - 4.54
Units: cm
Sample: 2
Source: Tobias et al. 2021
Bill length (males) - Culmen
Value: 4.575
Range: 4.55 - 4.6
Units: cm
Sample: 2
Source: Tobias et al. 2021
Bill length (females) - Nares to tip
Value: 2.81
Range: 2.67 - 2.95
Units: cm
Sample: 2
Source: Tobias et al. 2021
Bill length (males) - Nares to tip
Value: 3.06
Range: 3.04 - 3.08
Units: cm
Sample: 2
Source: Tobias et al. 2021
Bill length (sex unknown) - Nares to tip
Value: 2.935
Range: 2.67 - 3.08
Units: cm
Sample: 4
Source: Tobias et al. 2021
Bill length (sex unknown) - Culmen
Value: 4.4975
Range: 4.3 - 4.6
Units: cm
Sample: 4
Source: Tobias et al. 2021
Bill width (females)
Value: 1.37
Range: 1.35 - 1.39
Units: cm
Sample: 2
Source: Tobias et al. 2021
Bill width (males)
Value: 1.49
Range: 1.49 - 1.49
Units: cm
Sample: 2
Source: Tobias et al. 2021
Bill width (sex unknown)
Value: 1.43
Range: 1.35 - 1.49
Units: cm
Sample: 4
Source: Tobias et al. 2021
Body mass
Value: 154
Units: g
Source: Tobias et al. 2021
Value: 154
Units: grams
Source: Bird et al. 2020
Value: 151.525
Units: g
Source: Sekercioglu et al. 2025
Body mass (females)
Value:
Range: 137.5 - 167.6
Units: g
Source: Sekercioglu et al. 2025
Body mass (males)
Value:
Range: 111 - 190
Units: g
Source: Sekercioglu et al. 2025
Tail length (females)
Value: 22.95
Range: 22.3 - 23.6
Units: cm
Sample: 2
Source: Tobias et al. 2021
Tail length (males)
Value: 21.95
Range: 21.7 - 22.2
Units: cm
Sample: 2
Source: Tobias et al. 2021
Tail length (sex unknown)
Value: 22.45
Range: 21.7 - 23.6
Units: cm
Sample: 4
Source: Tobias et al. 2021
Tarsus length (females)
Value: 3.485
Range: 3.32 - 3.65
Units: cm
Sample: 2
Source: Tobias et al. 2021
Tarsus length (males)
Value: 3.34
Range: 3.21 - 3.47
Units: cm
Sample: 2
Source: Tobias et al. 2021
Tarsus length (sex unknown)
Value: 3.4125
Range: 3.21 - 3.65
Units: cm
Sample: 4
Source: Tobias et al. 2021
Wing length (females)
Value: 16.3
Range: 16 - 16.6
Units: cm
Sample: 2
Source: Tobias et al. 2021
Hand-Wing Index (females)
Value: 147.15
Range: 144.9 - 149.4
Units: %
Sample: 2
Source: Tobias et al. 2021
Hand-Wing Index (males)
Value: 146.75
Range: 145.7 - 147.8
Units: %
Sample: 2
Source: Tobias et al. 2021
Hand-Wing Index (unknown)
Value: 146.95
Range: 144.9 - 149.4
Units: %
Sample: 4
Source: Tobias et al. 2021
Kipps distance (females)
Value: 1.585
Range: 1.51 - 1.66
Units: cm
Sample: 2
Source: Tobias et al. 2021
Kipps distance (males)
Value: 1.925
Range: 1.92 - 1.93
Units: cm
Sample: 2
Source: Tobias et al. 2021
Kipps distance (unknown)
Value: 1.755
Range: 1.51 - 1.93
Units: cm
Sample: 4
Source: Tobias et al. 2021
Wing length (males)
Value: 16.6
Range: 16.5 - 16.7
Units: cm
Sample: 2
Source: Tobias et al. 2021
Wing length (females) - secondary1
Value: 14.715
Range: 14.49 - 14.94
Units: cm
Sample: 2
Source: Tobias et al. 2021
Wing length (males) - secondary1
Value: 14.675
Range: 14.57 - 14.78
Units: cm
Sample: 2
Source: Tobias et al. 2021
Wing length (unknown) - secondary1
Value: 14.695
Range: 14.49 - 14.94
Units: cm
Sample: 4
Source: Tobias et al. 2021
Wing length (sex unknown)
Value: 16.45
Range: 16 - 16.7
Units: cm
Sample: 4
Source: Tobias et al. 2021
Nest characteristics
Description of physical nest (shape, etc.)
Value: platform
Source: Sekercioglu et al. 2025
Reproduction
Age at first breeding
Value: 1.811127825
Units: years
Source: Bird et al. 2020
Clutch size
Value: 2.5
Units: n
Source: Bird et al. 2020
Value:
Range: 2 - 3
Source: Sekercioglu et al. 2025
Colonial species
Value: 0: No
Source: Sekercioglu et al. 2025
Leks
Value: 0: No
Source: Sekercioglu et al. 2025
How nests are connected to supporting objects
Value: Basal
Source: Chia et al. 2023
Location where nests are constructed
Value: Tree
Source: Chia et al. 2023
Value: Shrub, Bush, Vine; Tree
Source: Sekercioglu et al. 2025
Nest has an 'artificial' location
Value: no
Source: Sheard et al. 2024
Nest has an 'earth hole' location
Value: no
Source: Sheard et al. 2024
Nest has a 'ground' location
Value: no
Source: Sheard et al. 2024
Nest has a 'rock' location
Value: no
Source: Sheard et al. 2024
Nest has a 'tree hole' location
Value: no
Source: Sheard et al. 2024
Nest has a 'vegetation' location
Value: yes
Source: Sheard et al. 2024
Nest has a 'water' location
Value: no
Source: Sheard et al. 2024
Nest structure
Value: Platform
Source: Chia et al. 2023
Nest has a 'cavity' structure
Value: no
Source: Sheard et al. 2024
Nest has a 'clearing' structure
Value: no
Source: Sheard et al. 2024
Nest has a 'cup' structure
Value: no
Source: Sheard et al. 2024
Nest has a 'dome' structure
Value: no
Source: Sheard et al. 2024
Nest has a 'dome-and-tube' structure
Value: no
Source: Sheard et al. 2024
Nest has an 'excavation' structure
Value: no
Source: Sheard et al. 2024
Nest has a 'excavation-with-nest' structure
Value: no
Source: Sheard et al. 2024
Nest has a 'mound' structure
Value: no
Source: Sheard et al. 2024
Nest has a 'none' structure
Value: no
Source: Sheard et al. 2024
Nest has a 'platform' structure
Value: yes
Source: Sheard et al. 2024
Nest has a 'ring' structure
Value: no
Source: Sheard et al. 2024
Nest has a 'scrape' structure
Value: no
Source: Sheard et al. 2024
Parasitic breeding
Value: False
Source: Chia et al. 2023
Value: 0: false
Source: Sekercioglu et al. 2025
Host of parasitic breeding
Value: 0: false
Source: Sekercioglu et al. 2025
Survival
Adult annual survival rate
Value: 0.772547753
Units: annual rate
Source: Bird et al. 2020
Average generation length (years)
Value: 4.524133143
Range: 3.741848367 - 5.207655066
Units: years
Source: Bird et al. 2020
Value: 4.71
Units: years
Source: Birdlife 2024
Maximum age
Value: 11.77405116
Units: years
Source: Bird et al. 2020
Population decline over 10 years
Value: 0%
Range: 0% - 0%
Units: percent
Source: Bird et al. 2020
Population decline over 3 generation
Value: 0%
Range: 0% - 0%
Units: percent
Source: Bird et al. 2020
Social behaviour
Pairs and family groups
Value: 0: No
Source: Sekercioglu et al. 2025
Social flocks
Value: 1: Yes
Source: Sekercioglu et al. 2025
Pairs and family groups
Value: 0: No
Source: Sekercioglu et al. 2025
Solitary
Value: 0: No
Source: Sekercioglu et al. 2025
Behaviour
Inability to fly
Value: No
Source: Sekercioglu et al. 2025
References
  • Bird, Jeremy & Martin, Robert & Akcakaya, H. Resit & Gilroy, James & Burfield, Ian & Garnett, Stephen & Symes, Andy & Taylor, Joe & Sekercioglu, Cagan & Butchart, Stuart. (2020). Generation lengths of the world's birds and their implications for extinction risk. Conservation Biology. 34. 10.1111/cobi.13486. https://conbio.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cobi.13486
  • BirdLife International. 2024. Generation lengths of the world's birds. Version 2 (November 2020). Available from https://datazone.birdlife.org https://datazone.birdlife.org//species/genlength
  • Catherine Sheard, Sally E. Street, Susan D. Healy, Camille A. Troisi, Andrew D. Clark, Antonia Yovcheva, Alexis Trébaol, Karina Vanadzina, Kevin N. Lala. 2024. Nest traits for the world's birds. Global Ecology and Biogeography 33(2):206-214. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/geb.13783
  • Chia, Stephanie Yuan, Yi-Ting Fang, Yi-Ting Su, Pei-Yu Tsai, Chia Hsieh, Shu-Han Tsao, Jia-Yang Juang, Chih-Ming Hung, and Mao-Ning Tuanmu. 2023. “A Global Database of Bird Nest Traits.” Scientific Data 10 (1): 923. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-023-02837-1. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41597-023-02837-1
  • Clements, J. F., P. C. Rasmussen, T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, T. A. Fredericks, J. A. Gerbracht, D. Lepage, A. Spencer, S. M. Billerman, B. L. Sullivan, M. Smith, and C. L. Wood. 2024. The eBird/Clements checklist of Birds of the World: v2024. Downloaded from https://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/ https://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/
  • Şekercioğlu, Ç.H., Kittelberger, K.D., Mota, F.M.M. et al. BIRDBASE: A Global Dataset of Avian Biogeography, Conservation, Ecology and Life History Traits. Sci Data 12, 1558 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-025-05615-3
  • Tobias, J. et al. 2022. AVONET: morphological, ecological and geographical data for all birds. Ecology Letters. https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.13898 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/ele.13898

Avibase has been visited 504,864,591 times since 24 June 2003. © Denis Lepage | Privacy policy