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Spotted or Socorro Towhee

Pipilo [maculatus or socorroensis] (= Pipilo maculatus) Swainson, WJ 1827

The spotted towhee is a large New World sparrow. The taxonomy of the towhees has been debated in recent decades, and until 1995 this bird and the eastern towhee were considered a single species, the rufous-sided towhee. Another outdated name for the spotted towhee is the Oregon towhee. The call may be harsher and more varied than for the eastern towhee. Source: Wikipedia




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Classification
Order:
  Passeriformes
Family:
  Passerellidae
Genus:
   Pipilo
Scientific:
  Pipilo maculatus

Original description

Citation:
  Swainson, WJ 1827

Reference:
   Philosophical Mag. n.s., 1 p.434

Protonym:
  Pipilo maculata

Type locality:
  Real del Monte [, Hidalgo] , Mexico.

Link:
  https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15530444

Avibase identifiers

Avibase ID:
  58E25701D3F9FA0E

Avibase ID:
  avibase-58E25701

Short link:
  https://avibase.ca/58E25701

Taxonomic Serial Number:
  TSN: 554380

Geographic range:

  • Pipilo maculatus maculatus: highlands of eastern Mexico (Hidalgo to Veracruz and eastern Puebla)
  • Pipilo maculatus sympatricus: mountains of eastern Mexico (Sierra de Tuxtla of Veracruz)
  • Pipilo maculatus curtatus: southeastern British Columbia to northeastern California, Nevada, and Idaho; winters to southeastern California
  • Pipilo maculatus falcinellus: interior southwestern Oregon to Sierra Nevada and San Joaquin Valley
  • Pipilo maculatus montanus: southwestern USA to northwestern Mexico; winters to northern Mexico
  • Pipilo maculatus gaigei: mountains of New Mexico, western Texas, and northern Mexico (northern Coahuila)
  • Pipilo maculatus griseipygius: mountains of western Mexico (Sierra Madre Occidental)
  • Pipilo maculatus orientalis: mountains of eastern Mexico (Sierra Madre Oriental)
  • Pipilo maculatus chiapensis: mountains of southern Mexico (central Chiapas)
  • Pipilo maculatus repetens: mountains of southern Mexico (southeastern Chiapas) and western Guatemala
  • Pipilo maculatus arcticus: Great Plains of North America to southwestern USA; winters to northeastern Mexico
  • Pipilo maculatus macronyx: mountains of central Mexico (eastern Michoacán, México, Morelos, and Distrito Federal)
  • Pipilo maculatus vulcanorum: mountains of central Mexico (México, northeastern Morelos, southwestern Tlaxcala, and western Puebla)
  • Pipilo maculatus oaxacae: highlands of southern Mexico (northern and central Oaxaca)
  • Pipilo maculatus oregonus: coastal southwestern British Columbia to southwestern Oregon; winters to southern California
  • Pipilo maculatus falcifer: coastal northern California (Del Norte to Santa Cruz and San Benito counties)
  • Pipilo maculatus megalonyx: coastal southern California (Monterey) to northwestern Baja California and Santa Cruz Island
  • Pipilo maculatus clementae: Santa Rosa, Santa Catalina, and San Clemente islands (off southern California)
  • Pipilo maculatus umbraticola: northwestern Baja California (latitude 32°N to 30°N)
  • Pipilo maculatus consobrinus: formerly Isla Guadalupe (off western Baja California); extinct, last observed in 1897
  • Pipilo maculatus magnirostris: mountains of southern Baja California (Sierra de la Laguna)
  • Pipilo socorroensis: Socorro Island (Revillagigedo Islands off western Mexico)
  • Show more...
Source: Clements checklist
English:
Spotted or Socorro Towhee
French:
Tohi tacheté ou T. de Socorro

Authorities recognizing this taxonomic concept:

American Ornithologists' Union 7th edition (1998):
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
American Ornithologists' Union 7th edition (incl. 42nd suppl.):
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
American Ornithologists' Union 7th edition (incl. 43rd suppl.):
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
American Ornithologists' Union 7th edition (incl. 44th suppl.):
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
American Ornithologists' Union 7th edition (incl. 45th suppl.):
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
American Ornithologists' Union 7th edition (incl. 46th suppl.):
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
American Ornithologists' Union 7th edition (incl. 47th suppl.):
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
American Ornithologists' Union 7th edition (incl. 48th suppl.):
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
American Ornithologists' Union 7th edition (incl. 49th suppl.):
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
American Ornithologists' Union 7th edition (incl. 50th suppl.):
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
American Ornithologists' Union 7th edition (incl. 51st suppl.):
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
American Ornithologists' Union 7th edition (incl. 52nd suppl.):
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
American Ornithologists' Union 7th edition (incl. 53rd suppl.):
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
American Ornithologists' Union 7th edition (incl. 54th suppl.):
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
American Ornithologists' Union 7th edition (incl. 55th suppl.):
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
American Ornithologists' Union 7th edition (incl. 56th suppl.):
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
American Ornithologists' Union 7th edition (incl. 57th suppl.):
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
American Ornithologists' Society 7th edition (incl. 58th suppl.):
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
American Ornithologists' Society 7th edition (incl. 59th suppl.):
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
American Ornithologists' Society 7th edition (incl. 60th suppl.):
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
American Ornithologists' Society 7th edition (incl. 61st suppl.):
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
American Ornithologists' Society 7th edition (incl. 61st suppl. and addendum):
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
American Ornithologists' Society 7th edition (incl. 62nd suppl.):
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
American Ornithologists' Society 7th edition (incl. 63rd suppl.):
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
American Ornithologists' Society 7th edition (incl. 64th suppl.):
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
American Ornithologists' Society 7th edition (incl. 65th suppl.):
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts (current):
Spotted or Socorro Towhee ( Pipilo [maculatus or socorroensis])
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 2023 (May 2023):
Spotted or Socorro Towhee ( Pipilo [maculatus or socorroensis])
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 2024 (Oct 2024):
Spotted or Socorro Towhee ( Pipilo [maculatus or socorroensis])
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 01 (August 2013):
Spotted or Socorro Towhee ( Pipilo [maculatus or socorroensis])
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 02 (May 2014):
Spotted or Socorro Towhee ( Pipilo [maculatus or socorroensis])
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 03 (March 2015):
Spotted or Socorro Towhee ( Pipilo [maculatus or socorroensis])
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 04 (Aug 2016):
Spotted or Socorro Towhee ( Pipilo [maculatus or socorroensis])
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 05 (Jan 2017):
Spotted or Socorro Towhee ( Pipilo [maculatus or socorroensis])
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 06 (Feb 2018):
Spotted or Socorro Towhee ( Pipilo [maculatus or socorroensis])
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 07 (Feb 2020):
Spotted or Socorro Towhee ( Pipilo [maculatus or socorroensis])
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 08 (Feb 2021):
Spotted or Socorro Towhee ( Pipilo [maculatus or socorroensis])
Birdlife checklist version 00:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
Birdlife checklist version 01:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
Birdlife checklist version 02:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
Birdlife checklist version 03:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
Birdlife checklist version 04:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
Birdlife checklist version 05 (Jun 2012):
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
Birdlife checklist version 05.1 (Oct 2012):
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
Birdlife checklist version 06 (Nov 2013):
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
Birdlife checklist version 06.1 (Feb 2014):
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
Birdlife checklist version 07 (Jul 2014):
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
Birdlife checklist version 08 (Oct 2015):
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
Commission internationale pour les noms français des oiseaux (1993, révision 2009):
Tohi tacheté ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
Clements, version 2021:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
Clements, version 2022:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
Clements, version 2023:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
Clements, version 2024:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
Clements 6th edition (incl. 2008 revisions):
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
Clements 6th edition (incl. 2009 revisions):
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
Clements 6th edition (version 6.5 incl. 2010 revisions):
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
Clements 6th edition (version 6.6 incl. 2011 revisions):
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
Clements 6th edition (version 6.7 incl. 2012 revisions):
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
Clements 6th edition (version 6.8 incl. 2013 revisions):
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
Clements 6th edition (version 6.9 incl. 2014 revisions):
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
Clements, version 2015:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
Clements, version 2016:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
Clements, version 2017:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
Clements, version 2018:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
Clements, version 2019:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
eBird version 1.50:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 4]
eBird version 1.52:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 4]
eBird version 1.53:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 5]
eBird version 1.54:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 5]
eBird version 1.55:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 5]
eBird version 2015:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 5]
eBird version 2016:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 5]
eBird version 2017:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 5]
eBird version 2018:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 5]
eBird version 2019:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 5]
eBird version 2021:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 5]
eBird version 2022:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 5]
eBird version 2023:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 5]
eBird version 2024:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 5]
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (as published):
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 1.2):
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 2.1):
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 3.1):
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 4):
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 5):
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 6):
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 7):
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 8):
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
Howard and Moore 4th edition (vol. 1-2):
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
Howard and Moore 4th edition (incl. corrigenda vol.1-2):
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
Handbook of the Birds of the World (vol 1-16):
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 3]
Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (31/01/2015):
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 3]
IOC World Bird Names, version 1.0:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 1.1:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 1.5:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 1.6:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 1.7:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.0:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.1:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.2:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.3:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.4:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.5:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.6:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.7:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.8:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.9:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.10:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.11:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 3.1:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 3.2:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 3.3:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 3.4:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 3.5:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 4.1:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 4.2:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 4.3:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 4.4:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 5.1:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 5.2:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 5.3:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 5.4:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 6.1:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 6.2:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 6.3:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 6.4:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 7.1:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 7.2:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 7.3:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 8.1:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 8.2:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 9.1:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 9.2:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 10.1:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 10.2:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 11.1:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 11.2:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 12.1:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 12.2:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 13.1:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 13.2:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 14.1:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 14.2:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
Sibley and Monroe, Birds of the World Version 2.0:
Spotted Towhee ( Pipilo maculatus) [version 1]
Zoonomen - Zoological Nomenclature Resource:
Pipilo maculatus [version 1]
Zoonomen - Zoological Nomenclature Resource:
Pipilo maculatus [version 1]

Taxonomic status:

Species status: species group (sometimes a species)

This taxon is a subspecies of Pipilo [erythrophthalmus, maculatus or socorroensis]

Your sightings

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Related taxa

Alternative arrangements:  1  2  3  4  5 

Highlight taxa in a checklist (shown in red)

Other related concepts

Other synonyms

See also the taxonomic synonyms table.


Catalan: toquí maculat
Czech: Pipilo skrvnitý, pipilo skvrnitý
Welsh: Towhî mannog
Danish: Plettet Buskspurv
German: Fleckengrundammer
English: Arctic Towhee, Spotted or Socorro Towhee, Spotted Towhee
English, HBW: Spotted/Socorro Towhee
English (IOC): Spotted Towhee
English (United States): Spotted Towhee
Esperanto: Makulpipilo
Spanish: Rascador Maculoso, Rascador Moteado, Toquí Moteado, toquí pinto
Spanish (Spain): Toquí Moteado
Spanish (HBW): Spotted Towhee
Spanish (Mexico): Rascador Moteado, Rascador Ojirrojo, toquí pinto
Estonian: täpik-maasidrik
Finnish: lännenloistopipilo
French: Tohi tacheté, Tohi tacheté ou T. de Socorro
Irish: Gealóg bhallach
Galician: Pipilo manchado
Croatian: Prugastoprsi strnadar, riđoboki strnadar
Icelandic: Dílatittlingur
Italian: Touì macchiato
Japanese (romaji): hoshiwakiakatouhichou, wakiakatouhichou
Japanese: ホシワキアカトウヒチョウ, ワキアカトウヒチョウ
Scientific: Pipilo [maculatus or socorroensis], Pipilo erythrophthalmus maculatus, Pipilo maculata, Pipilo maculatus, Pipilo maculatus maculatus, Piplio maculatus
Lithuanian: Dėmėtasis pipilas
Latvian: punktainā stērste
Dutch: Gevlekte Towie
Norwegian Nynorsk: Flekktovi
Norwegian: Flekktovi
Polish: pipil czarnogrzbiety
Portuguese: Pipilo-malhado
Portuguese (Portugal): toqui-malhado
Russian: Пятнистый тауи, Пятнистый тоухи, Пятнистый тохи
Slovak: strnádlik škvrnitý
Slovenian: Pegasti čivkač
Serbian: Pegavi pipilo
Swedish: Fläckig busksparv, fläckig snårsparv
Turkish: Benekli pipilo, Benekli tovi
Ukrainian: Тауї плямистий
Chinese: 斑唧鹀
Chinese (Traditional): 斑點鵖鵐

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