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King Gull

Chroicocephalus hartlaubii (Bruch, CF 1855)

Hartlaub's gull, also known as the king gull, is a small gull, which is a non-migratory breeding resident endemic to the Atlantic Ocean coastline of South Africa and Namibia. Although it is predominantly coastal or estuarine, it is not a pelagic species, and is rarely seen at sea far from land. It was formerly sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the silver gull, and, as is the case with many gulls, it has traditionally been placed in the genus Larus but is now placed in the genus Chroicocephalus. Source: Wikipedia




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Classification
Order:
  Charadriiformes
Family:
  Laridae
Genus:
   Chroicocephalus
Scientific:
  Chroicocephalus hartlaubii

Original description

Citation:
  (Bruch, CF 1855)

Reference:
   J. f. Orn. 3 no.16 p.286

Imprint year:
  1853

Protonym:
  Larus (Gavia) Hartlaubii

Type locality:
  Cape of Good Hope and the Indian coasts.

Link:
  https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/13866896

Avibase identifiers

Avibase ID:
  5941F453FE720902

Avibase ID:
  avibase-5941F453

Short link:
  https://avibase.ca/5941F453

Taxonomic Serial Number:
  TSN: 824037

Geographic range:

  • Chroicocephalus hartlaubii: Coastal sw Namibia to sw South Africa
Source: Clements checklist
English:
King Gull
Catalan:
Gavina de Hartlaub
Czech:
racek kapský
Danish:
Namibmåge
German:
Hartlaubmöwe
Spanish:
Gaviota Plateada Surafricana
Spanish (Spain):
Gaviota Plateada Surafricana
Finnish:
namibianlokki
French:
Mouette de Hartlaub
Croatian:
južnoafrički galeb
Hungarian:
Hartlaub-sirály
Italian:
Gabbiano di Hartlaub
Japanese (romaji):
afurikaginkamome
Japanese:
アフリカギンカモメ
Lithuanian:
Hartlaubo kiras
Dutch:
Hartlaubs Meeuw
Norwegian Nynorsk:
Namibmåse
Norwegian:
Namibmåke
Polish:
mewa przylądkowa
Portuguese:
gaivota-de-hartlaub
Portuguese (Portugal):
gaivota-de-hartlaub
Russian:
Капская чайка
Slovak:
čajka kráľovská
Serbian:
Hartlaubov galeb
Swedish:
kapmås
Ukrainian:
Мартин намібійський
Chinese:
哈氏鸥
Chinese (Traditional):
王鷗

Authorities recognizing this taxonomic concept:

African Bird Club Checklist 2004:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Larus hartlaubii)
African Bird Club Checklist August 2005:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Larus hartlaubii)
African Bird Club Checklist March 2007:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Larus hartlaubii)
African Bird Club Checklist January 2008:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Larus hartlaubii)
African Bird Club Checklist May 2009:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Larus hartlaubii)
African Bird Club Checklist March 2010:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Larus hartlaubii)
Avibase taxonomic concepts (current):
King Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 2023 (May 2023):
King Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 01 (August 2013):
King Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 02 (May 2014):
King Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 03 (March 2015):
King Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 04 (Aug 2016):
King Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 05 (Jan 2017):
King Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 06 (Feb 2018):
King Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 07 (Feb 2020):
King Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 08 (Feb 2021):
King Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Birdlife checklist version 00:
King Gull ( Larus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Birdlife checklist version 01:
King Gull ( Larus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Birdlife checklist version 02:
King Gull ( Larus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Birdlife checklist version 03:
King Gull ( Larus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Birdlife checklist version 04:
King Gull ( Larus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Birdlife checklist version 05 (Jun 2012):
King Gull ( Larus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Birdlife checklist version 05.1 (Oct 2012):
King Gull ( Larus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Birdlife checklist version 06 (Nov 2013):
King Gull ( Larus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Birdlife checklist version 06.1 (Feb 2014):
King Gull ( Larus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Birdlife checklist version 07 (Jul 2014):
Hartlaub's Gull ( Larus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Birdlife checklist version 08 (Oct 2015):
Hartlaub's Gull ( Larus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Birdlife checklist version 09 (Dec 2016):
Hartlaub's Gull ( Larus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Birdlife checklist version 09.1 (Jun 2017):
Hartlaub's Gull ( Larus hartlaubii) [version 1]
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v2 (Dec 2017):
Hartlaub's Gull ( Larus hartlaubii) [version 1]
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v3 (Nov 2018):
Hartlaub's Gull ( Larus hartlaubii) [version 1]
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v4 (Dec 2019):
Hartlaub's Gull ( Larus hartlaubii) [version 1]
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v5 (Dec 2020):
Hartlaub's Gull ( Larus hartlaubii) [version 1]
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v6 (Dec 2021):
Hartlaub's Gull ( Larus hartlaubii) [version 1]
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v6b (Jul 2022):
Hartlaub's Gull ( Larus hartlaubii) [version 1]
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v7 (Dec 2022):
Hartlaub's Gull ( Larus hartlaubii) [version 1]
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v8 (Dec 2023):
Hartlaub's Gull ( Larus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Commission internationale pour les noms français des oiseaux (1993, révision 2009):
Mouette de Hartlaub ( Larus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Commission internationale pour les noms français des oiseaux (1993):
Mouette de Hartlaub ( Larus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Clements 1st edition:
King Gull ( Larus hartlaubi) [version 1]
Clements, version 2021:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Clements, version 2022:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Clements, version 2023:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Clements 4th edition:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Larus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Clements 5th edition (as published):
Hartlaub's Gull ( Larus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Clements 5th edition (incl. 2000 revisions):
Hartlaub's Gull ( Larus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Clements 5th edition (incl. 2001 revisions):
Hartlaub's Gull ( Larus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Clements 5th edition (incl. 2002 revisions):
Hartlaub's Gull ( Larus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Clements 5th edition (incl. 2003 revisions):
Hartlaub's Gull ( Larus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Clements 5th edition (incl. 2004 revisions):
Hartlaub's Gull ( Larus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Clements 5th edition (incl. 2005 revisions):
Hartlaub's Gull ( Larus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Clements 6th edition:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Larus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Clements 6th edition (incl. 2007 revisions):
Hartlaub's Gull ( Larus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Clements 6th edition (incl. 2008 revisions):
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Clements 6th edition (incl. 2009 revisions):
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Clements 6th edition (version 6.5 incl. 2010 revisions):
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Clements 6th edition (version 6.6 incl. 2011 revisions):
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Clements 6th edition (version 6.7 incl. 2012 revisions):
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Clements 6th edition (version 6.8 incl. 2013 revisions):
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Clements 6th edition (version 6.9 incl. 2014 revisions):
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Clements, version 2015:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Clements, version 2016:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Clements, version 2017:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Clements, version 2018:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Clements, version 2019:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
eBird version 1.50:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
eBird version 1.52:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
eBird version 1.53:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
eBird version 1.54:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
eBird version 1.55:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
eBird version 2015:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
eBird version 2016:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
eBird version 2017:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
eBird version 2018:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
eBird version 2019:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
eBird version 2021:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
eBird version 2022:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
eBird version 2023:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Howard and Moore 2nd edition:
Larus novaehollandiae hartlaubii [version 1]
Howard and Moore 2nd edition (incl. ? suppl):
King Gull ( Larus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (as published):
Hartlaub's Gull ( Larus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 1.2):
Hartlaub's Gull ( Larus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 2.1):
Hartlaub's Gull ( Larus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 3.1):
Hartlaub's Gull ( Larus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 4):
Hartlaub's Gull ( Larus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 5):
Hartlaub's Gull ( Larus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 6):
Hartlaub's Gull ( Larus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 7):
Hartlaub's Gull ( Larus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 8):
Hartlaub's Gull ( Larus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Howard and Moore 4th edition (vol. 1-2):
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Howard and Moore 4th edition (incl. corrigenda vol.1-2):
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Handbook of the Birds of the World (vol 1-16):
Hartlaub's Gull ( Larus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (31/01/2015):
Hartlaub's Gull ( Larus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (03/07/2017):
Hartlaub's Gull ( Larus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Handbook of the Birds of the World and Birdlife (Dec 2017):
Hartlaub's Gull ( Larus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Handbook of the Birds of the World and Birdlife (Dec 2018):
Hartlaub's Gull ( Larus hartlaubii) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 1.0:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Larus hartlaubii) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 1.1:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Larus hartlaubii) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 1.5:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Larus hartlaubii) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 1.6:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Larus hartlaubii) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 1.7:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.0:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.1:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.2:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.3:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.4:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.5:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.6:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.7:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.8:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.9:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.10:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.11:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 3.1:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 3.2:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 3.3:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 3.4:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 3.5:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 4.1:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 4.2:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 4.3:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 4.4:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 5.1:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 5.2:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 5.3:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 5.4:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 6.1:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 6.2:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 6.3:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 6.4:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 7.1:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 7.2:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 7.3:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 8.1:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 8.2:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 9.1:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 9.2:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 10.1:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 10.2:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 11.1:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 11.2:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 12.1:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 12.2:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 13.1:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 13.2:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 14.1:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Peters' Check-list of the Birds (original):
Larus novae-hollandiae hartlaubii [version 1]
Peters' Check-list of the Birds (2nd edition):
Larus novae-hollandiae hartlaubii [version 1]
Sibley and Monroe (1993):
King Gull ( Larus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Sibley and Monroe (1993, including corrections up to 1998):
King Gull ( Larus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Sibley and Monroe, Birds of the World Version 2.0:
King Gull ( Larus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Working Group Avian Checklists, version 0.01:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Working Group Avian Checklists, version 0.02:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Working Group Avian Checklists, version 0.03:
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Working Group Avian Checklists, version 0.04 (7/07/2024):
Hartlaub's Gull ( Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) [version 1]
Zoonomen - Zoological Nomenclature Resource:
Larus hartlaubii [version 1]
Zoonomen - Zoological Nomenclature Resource:
Chroicocephalus hartlaubii [version 1]

Taxonomic status:

Species status: full species (sometimes a subspecies)

This taxon is considered a subspecies of Chroicocephalus [novaehollandiae or hartlaubii] (sensu lato) by some authors

Your sightings

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Related taxa

Highlight taxa in a checklist (shown in red)

Other related concepts

Other synonyms

See also the taxonomic synonyms table.


Afrikaans: Hartlaubmeeu, Hartlaubse Meeu
Bulgarian: Чайка на Хартлауб
Bengali: ঴াটিরুমফয গাঙচচর
Bengali (transliteration): hārṭalubēra gāṅacila*
Catalan: Gavina de Hartlaub
Czech: racek kapský
Danish: Namibmåge
German: Hartlaubmöwe, Hartlaubsmöwe
English: Hartlaub's Gull, King Gull
English, HBW: Hartlaub's Gull
English (IOC): Hartlaub's Gull
English (United States): Hartlaub's Gull
Esperanto: Hartlaŭba mevo
Spanish: Gaviota de Hartlaub, Gaviota Plateada Surafricana
Spanish (Spain): Gaviota Plateada Surafricana
Spanish (HBW): Hartlaub's Gull
Estonian: kapimaa kajakas
Finnish: Namibianlokki
French: Goéland de Hartlaub, Mouette de Hartlaub
Croatian: južnoafrički galeb
Hungarian: Hartlaub-sirály
Italian: Gabbiano di Hartlaub
Japanese (romaji): afurikaginkamome, ginkamome
Japanese: アフリカギンカモメ, ギンカモメ
Kazakh: Хартлауб шағаласы
Kirghiz: Хартлауб чардагы
Scientific: Chroicocephala hartlaubii, Chroicocephalus hartlaubii, Larus (Gavia) Hartlaubii, Larus hartlaubi, Larus hartlaubii, Larus novaehollandiae hartlaubii, Larus novae-hollandiae hartlaubii
Lithuanian: Hartlaubo kiras
Dutch: Hartlaubs Meeuw
Norwegian Nynorsk: Namibmåse
Norwegian: Namibmåke
Polish: mewa przyladkowa, mewa przylądkowa
Portuguese: Gaivota de Hartlaub, Gaivota-de-hartlaub
Portuguese (Portugal): gaivota-de-hartlaub
Russian: Капская чайка, Чайка Хартлауба
Slovak: čajka kráľovská
Serbian: Hartlaubov galeb
Swedish: Kapmås
Turkish: Hartlaub martısı
Ukrainian: Мартин намібійський
Chinese: 哈氏鸥
Chinese (Traditional): 王鷗

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