Lagopus lagopus (Willow Ptarmigan)

Willow Ptarmigan

Lagopus lagopus (Linnaeus, C 1758)

The willow ptarmigan is a bird in the grouse subfamily Tetraoninae of the pheasant family Phasianidae. It is also known as the willow grouse and in Ireland and Britain, where the subspecies L. l. scotica was previously considered to be a separate species, as the red grouse. It breeds in birch and other forests and moorlands in northern Europe, the tundra of Scandinavia, Siberia, Alaska and Canada, in particular in the provinces of Newfoundland and Labrador and Quebec. It is the state bird of Alaska. In the summer the birds are largely brown, with dappled plumage, but in the winter they are white with some black feathers in their tails. The species has remained little changed from the bird that roamed the tundra during the Pleistocene. Nesting takes place in the spring when clutches of four to ten eggs are laid in a scrape on the ground. The chicks are precocial and soon leave the nest. While they are young, both parents play a part in caring for them. The chicks eat insects and young plant growth while the adults are completely herbivorous, eating leaves, flowers, buds, seeds and berries during the summer and largely subsisting on the buds and twigs of willow and other dwarf shrubs and trees during the winter. Source: Wikipedia

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Classification

Order:
  Galliformes
Family:
  Phasianidae
Genus:
   Lagopus
Scientific:
  Lagopus lagopus

Original description

Citation:
(Linnaeus, C 1758)

Reference:
Systema Naturae ed. 10 1 p.159

Protonym:
Tetrao Lagopus

Type locality:
'in Europae alpinis,' restricted type locality, Swedish Lapland, apud Hartert.

Link:
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/10277#page/178/mode/1up

Avibase identifiers

Avibase ID:
6CCEAF5D74B10547

Avibase ID:
avibase-6CCEAF5D

Short link:
https://avibase.ca/6CCEAF5D

Taxonomic Serial Number:
TSN: 175804

Geographic range:

Lagopus lagopus lagopus: Scandinavia and northern Russia
Lagopus lagopus rossica: Baltic countries to central Russia
Lagopus lagopus variegata: coastal Norway (islands off Trondheim Fjord)
Lagopus lagopus koreni: Siberia to Kamchatka Peninsula
Lagopus lagopus kamtschatkensis: Kamchatka Peninsula and Kuril Islands
Lagopus lagopus birulai: New Siberian Islands
Lagopus lagopus kozlowae: western Mongolia (Tanmu-Ola, Khangai and Kentei mountains)
Lagopus lagopus maior: steppes of southwestern Siberia and northern Kazakhstan
Lagopus lagopus okadai: Sakhalin Island
Lagopus lagopus brevirostris: Altai Mountains and Sayan Mountains
Lagopus lagopus sserebrowsky: eastern Siberia (Lake Baikal to Sea of Okhotsk and Sikhote Alin Mountains)
Lagopus lagopus alexandrae: Alaskan Peninsula to northwestern British Columbia
Lagopus lagopus muriei: eastern Aleutian Islands and Kodiak Island
Lagopus lagopus alascensis: Alaska
Lagopus lagopus leucoptera: Arctic islands of northern Canada and adjacent mainland to southern Baffin Island
Lagopus lagopus alba: tundra of northern Yukon and central British Columbia to Gulf of St. Lawrence
Lagopus lagopus ungavus: northern Quebec and northern Labrador
Lagopus lagopus alleni: Newfoundland
Show more...

Source: Clements checklist

English:
Willow Ptarmigan
Catalan:
perdiu boreal
Czech:
bělokur rousný
Danish:
Dalrype
German:
Moorschneehuhn
Spanish:
Lagópodo común
Finnish:
riekko
French:
Lagopède des saules
Croatian:
Sjeverna snježnica
Hungarian:
sarki hófajd
Icelandic:
Dalrjúpa
Italian:
Pernice bianca nordica
Japanese (romaji):
karafutoraichou
Japanese:
カラフトライチョウ
Lithuanian:
Žvyrė
Dutch:
Moerassneeuwhoen
Norwegian:
lirype
Polish:
pardwa mszarna
Portuguese:
Lagópode-cinzento
Portuguese (Portugal):
lagópode-ruivo
Russian:
Белая куропатка
Slovak:
snehuľa kapcavá
Serbian:
Severna snežnica
Swedish:
dalripa
Ukrainian:
куріпка біла
Chinese:
柳雷鸟
Chinese (Traditional):
柳雷鳥

Authorities recognizing this taxonomic concept:

Avibase taxonomic concepts (current): Willow Ptarmigan ( Lagopus lagopus) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 2023 (May 2023): Willow Ptarmigan ( Lagopus lagopus) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 2024 (Oct 2024): Willow Ptarmigan ( Lagopus lagopus) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 01 (August 2013): Willow Ptarmigan ( Lagopus lagopus) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 02 (May 2014): Willow Ptarmigan ( Lagopus lagopus) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 03 (March 2015): Willow Ptarmigan ( Lagopus lagopus) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 04 (Aug 2016): Willow Ptarmigan ( Lagopus lagopus) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 05 (Jan 2017): Willow Ptarmigan ( Lagopus lagopus) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 06 (Feb 2018): Willow Ptarmigan ( Lagopus lagopus) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 07 (Feb 2020): Willow Ptarmigan ( Lagopus lagopus) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 08 (Feb 2021): Willow Ptarmigan ( Lagopus lagopus) [version 1]
Commission internationale pour les noms français des oiseaux (1993): Lagopède des saules ( Lagopus lagopus) [version 1]
Clements 1st edition: Willow Ptarmigan ( Lagopus lagopus) [version 1]
eBird version 1.50: Willow Ptarmiugan (Willow) ( Lagopus lagopus [lagopus Group]) [version 1]
eBird version 1.52: Willow Ptarmiugan (Willow) ( Lagopus lagopus [lagopus Group]) [version 1]
eBird version 1.53: Willow Ptarmigan (Willow) ( Lagopus lagopus [lagopus Group]) [version 1]
eBird version 1.54: Willow Ptarmigan (Willow) ( Lagopus lagopus [lagopus Group]) [version 1]
eBird version 1.55: Willow Ptarmigan (Willow) ( Lagopus lagopus [lagopus Group]) [version 1]
eBird version 2015: Willow Ptarmigan (Willow) ( Lagopus lagopus [lagopus Group]) [version 1]
eBird version 2016: Willow Ptarmigan (Willow) ( Lagopus lagopus [lagopus Group]) [version 1]
eBird version 2017: Willow Ptarmigan (Willow) ( Lagopus lagopus [lagopus Group]) [version 1]
eBird version 2018: Willow Ptarmigan (Willow) ( Lagopus lagopus [lagopus Group]) [version 1]
eBird version 2019: Willow Ptarmigan (Willow) ( Lagopus lagopus [lagopus Group]) [version 1]
eBird version 2021: Willow Ptarmigan (Willow) ( Lagopus lagopus [lagopus Group]) [version 1]
eBird version 2022: Willow Ptarmigan (Willow) ( Lagopus lagopus [lagopus Group]) [version 1]
eBird version 2023: Willow Ptarmigan (Willow) ( Lagopus lagopus [lagopus Group]) [version 1]
eBird version 2024: Willow Ptarmigan (Willow) ( Lagopus lagopus [lagopus Group]) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 14.2: Willow Ptarmigan ( Lagopus lagopus) [version 1]
Peters' Check-list of the Birds: Lagopus lagopus [version 1]
Peters' Check-list of the Birds (original): Lagopus lagopus [version 1]
Peters' Check-list of the Birds (2nd edition): Lagopus lagopus [version 1]

Taxonomic status:

Species status: full species (sometimes nominal subspecies)

This taxon is considered a subspecies of Lagopus [lagopus or scotica] (sensu lato) by some authors

Your sightings

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Related taxa

Highlight taxa in a checklist (shown in red)

Other related concepts

Lagopus lagopus x Tetrastes bonasia (hybrid)
Gallus gallus x Lagopus lagopus (hybrid)
Lagopus [lagopus x scotica] (hybrid)
Canachites canadensis x Lagopus lagopus (hybrid)
Lagopus [lagopus x muta] (hybrid)
Lagopus lagopus x Lyrurus tetrix (hybrid)
Lagopus lagopus x Tetrao urogallus (hybrid)
Lagopus lagopus x Perdix perdix (hybrid)
Lagopus lagopus x Phasianus colchicus (hybrid)

Other synonyms

See also the taxonomic synonyms table.

Abkhazian: аҮӘырманџь Шкәакәақәа
Altai: агуна
Araucanian: Jewjewkeñ
Mapundungun: Jewjewkeñ
Asturian: Lagópodu común [triba lagopus]
Azerbaijani: ağ kəklik, Müşgül quşu
Bashkir: ағуна, ағуналар, ағунаһы, аҡ ағуна , аҡ божор, аҡ ҡор, аҡ көртлөк, баҡбаҡ
Belarusian: Пардва
Bulgarian: Снежна яребица, Снежна яребица [Група lagopus]
Catalan: Perdice d'Escandinàvia, perdiu boreal, Perdiu boreal [grup lagopus], Xoriguer
Valencian: Xoriguer
Cree: kicikânêsîs
Cree (syllabic): ᑭᒋᑳᓀᓰᐢ
Czech: Bělokur rousný, bělokur rousný [skupina lagopus], Bělokur tundrový
Chuvash: шурă чăх
Welsh: Coch y grug, Cochiad, Grugiar, Grugiar wen, Grugiar yr alban, Iâr goch
Danish: Dalrype, Darype, Almindelig [lagopus Gruppe]
German: Moorschneehuhn, Moorschneehuhn [lagopus-Gruppe]
Greek: Λαγόποδας [lagopus ομάδα], Λαγόποδας [lagopus]
Emiliano-romagnolo: Falchét
English: Lapland Willow Ptarmigan, Northern Willow Ptarmigan, Red grouse, White Partridge, Willow Grouse, Willow Ptarmigan, Willow Ptarmigan (Willow), Willow Ptarmiugan (Willow), Willow/Red Grouse
English (United Kingdom): Red Grouse/Willow Grouse, Willow Grouse (Arctic)
English, HBW: Willow Grouse (Willow)
English (IOC): Willow Ptarmigan (Willow)
English (UAE): Willow Ptarmigan (Willow)
English (United States): Willow Ptarmigan (Willow)
Esperanto: Lagopo
Spanish: Lagópodo, Lagópodo Común, Lagópodo Común (grupo lagopus)
Spanish (Spain): Lagópodo Común, Lagópodo común (grupo lagopus), Lagópodo Común [lagopus Group]
Spanish (HBW): Willow Ptarmigan (Willow)
Estonian: Rabapüü
Evenki: кавека̄н, кав-кав, кавкана-мӣ, хе̄лакӣ, хе̄лакӣтка̄н, хе̄ракӣ, э̄лакӣ
Finnish: Riekko, riekko [alalaji lagopus]
Faroese: Heiðarýpa
French: Lagopède des saules, Lagopède des saules (lagopus), Lagopède des saules (nominal), Lagopède des saules [lagopus]
Friulian: Falcuç di cjampanili
Irish: Cearc Fhraoigh, Coileach fhraoigh, coileach fraoigh
Gaelic: Cearc-Fhraoich
Galician: Lagarteiro, Peneireiro, Peneireiro común
Gujarati: નાનું બાજ પક્ષી
Manx: Kellagh ruy, Kiark freoaie
Hebrew: שכווי אירופי, שכווי אירופי (אירופי), שכו-י אברש אירופי
Hindi: श्येनक
Croatian: Sjeverna snježnica
Hungarian: Sarki hófajd, Sarki hófajd [lagopus csoport]
Icelandic: Dalrjúpa, Dalrjúpa [lagopus hópur]
Italian: Gainèl, Pernice bianca nordica
Brescian: Gainèl
Japanese (romaji): karafuto raichō, karafutoraichou, Karafuto-raichou, karafutoraichou (lagopus guru-pu)
Japanese: カラフトライチョウ, カラフトライチョウ (lagopus グループ), カラフトライチョウ（lagopus グループ）
Japanese (Kanji): 樺太雷鳥
Georgian: კირკიტა
Kara-Kalpak: ақ кекилик, ақ кеклик
Kabardian: адэжынэхужь, шылэджэдхужь
Mongolian, Halh: канадын цэвдгийн ахууна
Khakas: Ах кÿркÿзi
Kazakh: ақ кекілік, ақ құр, ақ шіл, аққұр, Бөктергі, Ителгі
Kazakh (Transliteration): aq-qur
North Karelian: meččokana
Cornish: Culyek Meneth
Kirghiz: ак кур, ак чил
Scientific: Lagopus brachydactylus, Lagopus lagopus, Lagopus lagopus [lagopus Group], Lagopus lagopus lagopus, Lagopus Linnéi, Tetrao lagopus, Tetrao saliceti
Ladin: Filadressa
Lithuanian: Baltasis tetervinas, Paprastoji žvyrė, Poparza, Žvyre, Žvyrė
Latvian: Baltais rubenis, Baltirbe, Baltirbe (rossica), Purva teteris
Mongolian: канадын цэвдгийн ахууна, Цагаан ахууна, Цагаан ятуу
Mongolian (Bichig): ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠬᠣᠣᠨ᠎ᠠ
Mongolian (Buryat): Сагаан торхируу
Mongolian (Bichig, Inner Mongolia): ᠰᠣᠢᠢᠷ
Mongolian (Cyrillic, Inner Mongolia): Сойр, Цагаан сойр, Цагаан ятуу
Mongolian (Transliteration): sagaan torkhiruu, soir, tsag aaŋ akhuun, tsag aaŋ yatuu, tsagaaŋ soir
Montagnais (Innu-aimun): innapineu
Marathi: लहान ससाण्याची जात
Maltese: ħaġla b’sidirha aħmar
Dutch: Moerassneeuwhoen, Moerassneeuwhoen (lagopus groep)
Norwegian: Dalrype, Lirype, lirype (lagopus gr.), Lirype (lagopus)
Occitan: Moisset ros
Livvi (Olonets Karelian): mečoi
Punjabi: ਛੋਟਾ ਬਾਜ
Polish: Pardwa, pardwa mszarna, pardwa mszarna (gr. lagopus), pardwa mszarna [gr. lagopus]
Pinyin: léi-niǎo, liǔ léi-niǎo
Portuguese: Lagópode, lagópode escocês, Lagópode-cinzento, Lagópode-escandinavo, Lagópode-escocês
Portuguese (Portugal): lagópode-ruivo, lagópode-ruivo [grupo lagopus], Lagopo-ruivo, Lagopo-ruivo [grupo lagopus]
Romansh: Crivel
Russian: Белая куропатка, Белая куропатка [группа lagopus], Куропатка белая
Sanskrit: श्येनः
Yakut: куруппааскы, куруппааскылар, куруппааскыта, хабдьы, хабыйахаан, ыалыкы
Scots: Coileach fraoich, Coileach ruadh
Northern Sami: Rievssat
Slovak: snehuľa kapcavá, snehuľa kapcavá (skup.), snehuľa obyčajná
Slovenian: barjanski jereb, Barjanski jereb [lagopus], barjanski snežni jereb
Serbian: Severna snežnica, Severna snežnica [lagopus grupa]
Swedish: Dalripa, dalripa [gruppen lagopus], dalripa [lagopus Group]
Turkish: Kar Tavuğu, Kar tavuğu [lagopus grubu], Kartavuğu, Kartavuğu [lagopus Grubu], Аққұр
Tatar: ак көртлек , ак кыр тавыгы
Tuvinian: Аганак
Udmurt: сибирсяла, Сибыр сяла, тӧдьы сяла
Ukrainian: Біла куріпка, Куріпка біла , Куріпка біла [група lagopus]
Uzbek: оқ каклик, оқ куропатка
Sorbian, Upper: Pustawa, Wěžowy sokoł
Kalmyk: цаһан йотун, цаһан яту
Chinese: [lei-niao], [liu lei-niao], [liu-ji], [suyi'er], 柳雷鸟, 柳雷鸟（广布）, 柳鸡, 苏衣尔, 雷鸟
Chinese (Traditional): 柳雷鳥, 柳雷鸟（广布）, 雷鳥