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Gull-billed Tern

Gelochelidon nilotica (Gmelin, JF 1789)

The gull-billed tern, formerly Sterna nilotica, is a tern in the family Laridae. The genus name is from Ancient Greek gelao, "to laugh", and khelidon, "swallow". The specific niloticus is from Latin and means of the Nile. The Australian gull-billed tern was previously considered a subspecies. Source: Wikipedia




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Classification
Order:
  Charadriiformes
Family:
  Laridae
Genus:
   Gelochelidon
Scientific:
  Gelochelidon nilotica


Original description

Citation:
  (Gmelin, JF 1789)

Reference:
   Systema Naturae ed. 13, vol. 1, part 2 1 pt2 p.606

Protonym:
  Sterna nilotica

Type locality:
  Egypt.

Link:
  https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2656099


Avibase identifiers

Avibase ID:
  87168739C37AC427

Avibase ID:
  avibase-87168739

Short link:
  https://avibase.ca/87168739


Taxonomic Serial Number:
  TSN: 176882

Geographic range:

  • Gelochelidon nilotica nilotica: Palearctic; winters tropical Africa and Persian Gulf to India
  • Gelochelidon nilotica aranea: E US to Gr. Antilles and Yucatán; winters to Brazil and Peru
  • Gelochelidon nilotica vanrossemi: California to n Baja and nw Mexico; winters to Ecuador
  • Gelochelidon nilotica affinis: Transbaikalia to Manchuria and e China; winters SE Asia
  • Gelochelidon nilotica gronvoldi: Coasts and rivers of French Guiana to ne Argentina
  • Show more...
English:
Gull-billed Tern
Catalan:
curroc
Czech:
rybák černozobý
Danish:
Sandterne
German:
Lachseeschwalbe
Spanish:
Pagaza piconegra
Finnish:
hietatiira
French:
Sterne hansel
Croatian:
debelokljuna čigra
Hungarian:
kacagócsér
Icelandic:
Sandþerna
Italian:
Sterna zampenere
Japanese (romaji):
hashi-buto aji-sashi
Japanese:
ハシブトアジサシ
Lithuanian:
kirasnapė žuvėdra
Dutch:
Lachstern
Norwegian:
Sandterne
Polish:
rybitwa krótkodzioba
Portuguese:
trinta-réis-de-bico-preto / tagaz
Portuguese (Portugal):
tagaz-comum
Russian:
Чайконосая крачка
Slovak:
rybárka krátkozobá
Serbian:
Debelokljuna čigra
Swedish:
sandtärna
Ukrainian:
крячок чорнодзьобий
Chinese:
鸥嘴噪鸥
Chinese (Traditional):
鷗嘴燕鷗


Authorities recognizing this taxonomic concept:

American Ornithologists' Society 7th edition (incl. 65th suppl.):
Gull-billed Tern ( Gelochelidon nilotica)
Avibase taxonomic concepts (current):
Gull-billed Tern ( Gelochelidon nilotica) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 2023 (May 2023):
Gull-billed Tern ( Gelochelidon nilotica) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 2024 (Oct 2024):
Gull-billed Tern ( Gelochelidon nilotica) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 03 (March 2015):
Gull-billed Tern [nominate] ( Gelochelidon nilotica [nilotica])
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 04 (Aug 2016):
Gull-billed Tern [nominate] ( Gelochelidon nilotica [nilotica])
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 05 (Jan 2017):
Gull-billed Tern [nominate] ( Gelochelidon nilotica [nilotica])
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 06 (Feb 2018):
Gull-billed Tern [nominate] ( Gelochelidon nilotica [nilotica])
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 07 (Feb 2020):
Gull-billed Tern ( Gelochelidon nilotica) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 08 (Feb 2021):
Gull-billed Tern ( Gelochelidon nilotica) [version 1]
Birdlife checklist version 07 (Jul 2014):
Common Gull-billed Tern ( Gelochelidon nilotica) [version 1]
Birdlife checklist version 08 (Oct 2015):
Common Gull-billed Tern ( Gelochelidon nilotica) [version 1]
Birdlife checklist version 09 (Dec 2016):
Common Gull-billed Tern ( Gelochelidon nilotica) [version 1]
Birdlife checklist version 09.1 (Jun 2017):
Common Gull-billed Tern ( Gelochelidon nilotica) [version 1]
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v2 (Dec 2017):
Common Gull-billed Tern ( Gelochelidon nilotica) [version 1]
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v3 (Nov 2018):
Common Gull-billed Tern ( Gelochelidon nilotica) [version 1]
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v4 (Dec 2019):
Common Gull-billed Tern ( Gelochelidon nilotica) [version 1]
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v5 (Dec 2020):
Common Gull-billed Tern ( Gelochelidon nilotica) [version 1]
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v6 (Dec 2021):
Common Gull-billed Tern ( Gelochelidon nilotica) [version 1]
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v6b (Jul 2022):
Common Gull-billed Tern ( Gelochelidon nilotica) [version 1]
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v7 (Dec 2022):
Common Gull-billed Tern ( Gelochelidon nilotica) [version 1]
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v8 (Dec 2023):
Common Gull-billed Tern ( Gelochelidon nilotica) [version 1]
Clements, version 2023:
Gull-billed Tern ( Gelochelidon nilotica) [version 1]
eBird version 2015:
Gull-billed Tern (Gull-billed) ( Gelochelidon nilotica [nilotica Group]) [version 1]
eBird version 2016:
Gull-billed Tern (Gull-billed) ( Gelochelidon nilotica [nilotica Group]) [version 1]
eBird version 2017:
Gull-billed Tern (Gull-billed) ( Gelochelidon nilotica [nilotica Group]) [version 1]
eBird version 2018:
Gull-billed Tern (Gull-billed) ( Gelochelidon nilotica [nilotica Group]) [version 1]
eBird version 2019:
Gull-billed Tern (Gull-billed) ( Gelochelidon nilotica [nilotica Group]) [version 1]
eBird version 2021:
Gull-billed Tern (Gull-billed) ( Gelochelidon nilotica [nilotica Group]) [version 1]
eBird version 2022:
Gull-billed Tern (Gull-billed) ( Gelochelidon nilotica [nilotica Group]) [version 1]
eBird version 2023:
Gull-billed Tern ( Gelochelidon nilotica) [version 1]
Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (31/01/2015):
Common Gull-billed Tern ( Gelochelidon nilotica) [version 1]
Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (03/07/2017):
Common Gull-billed Tern ( Gelochelidon nilotica) [version 1]
Handbook of the Birds of the World and Birdlife (Dec 2017):
Common Gull-billed Tern ( Gelochelidon nilotica) [version 1]
Handbook of the Birds of the World and Birdlife (Dec 2018):
Common Gull-billed Tern ( Gelochelidon nilotica) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 9.2:
Gull-billed Tern ( Gelochelidon nilotica) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 10.1:
Gull-billed Tern ( Gelochelidon nilotica) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 10.2:
Gull-billed Tern ( Gelochelidon nilotica) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 11.1:
Gull-billed Tern ( Gelochelidon nilotica) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 11.2:
Gull-billed Tern ( Gelochelidon nilotica) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 12.1:
Gull-billed Tern ( Gelochelidon nilotica) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 12.2:
Gull-billed Tern ( Gelochelidon nilotica) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 13.1:
Gull-billed Tern ( Gelochelidon nilotica) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 13.2:
Gull-billed Tern ( Gelochelidon nilotica) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 14.1:
Gull-billed Tern ( Gelochelidon nilotica) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 14.2:
Gull-billed Tern ( Gelochelidon nilotica) [version 1]
Working Group Avian Checklists, version 0.01:
Gull-billed Tern ( Gelochelidon nilotica) [version 1]
Working Group Avian Checklists, version 0.02:
Gull-billed Tern ( Gelochelidon nilotica) [version 1]
Working Group Avian Checklists, version 0.03:
Gull-billed Tern ( Gelochelidon nilotica) [version 1]
Working Group Avian Checklists, version 0.04 (7/07/2024):
Gull-billed Tern ( Gelochelidon nilotica) [version 1]

Taxonomic status:

Species status: full species (sometimes nominal subspecies)

This taxon is considered a subspecies of Gelochelidon [nilotica or macrotarsa] (sensu lato) by some authors

Your sightings

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Related taxa

Highlight taxa in a checklist (shown in red)

Other synonyms

See also the taxonomic synonyms table.


Afrikaans: Lagsterretjie, Oostelike Seeswael (Oostelike Sterretjie), Oostelike Sterretjie (Oostelike)
Arabic: خرشنة نيلية, خرشنة نيلية ( نيلية) (مجموعة)
Asturian: Garrochín picucurtiu (grupo nilotica)
Azerbaijani: qağayıbaş susüpürən, qağayıburun sterna, qağayıburun susüpürən, Qağayıburun susüpürən [nilotica qrupu], qırmızıayaq qağayıburun
Bashkir: бүрекле сарлаҡ, ҡарабаш күксәй, керелдәк сарлаҡ, көләпәрәле сарлаҡ
Belarusian: Чайканосая крычка
Bulgarian: Дебелоклюна рибарка, Дебелоклюна рибарка (Група nilotica), Дебелоклюна рибарка [Група nilotica]
Bengali: কারামঠাুঁট ঩ানচচর , কালাঠোঁট পানচিল
Bengali (transliteration): kālāṭhōm̐ṭa pānacila
Breton: Skrav beg tev
Catalan: Curroc, Curroc comú, Curroc comú (grup nilotica)
Montenegrin: debelokljuna čigra, дебелокљуна чигра
Montenegrin (Cyrillic): дебелокљуна чигра
Czech: rybák černozobý, rybák černozobý [skupina nilotica], rybák černozobý eurasijský
Welsh: Môr-wennol ylfinbraff
Danish: Sandterne, Sandterne, Almindelig [Nilotica Gruppe]
German: Lachseeschwalbe, Lachseeschwalbe [nilotica Gruppe], Lachseeschwalbe [nilotica-Gruppe]
Greek: Γελoγλάρovo, Γελογλάρονο, Γελογλάρονο [nilotica ομάδα], Γελογλάρονο [nilotica]
English: Common Gull-billed Tern, Gull-billed tern, Gull-billed Tern (Gull-billed), Gull-billed Tern [nominate]
English, HBW: Common Gull-billed Tern
English (IOC): Gull-billed Tern, Gull-billed Tern (Gull-billed)
English (United States): Gull-billed Tern (Gull-billed)
Esperanto: Mevbeka ŝterno
Spanish: Charrán Pico Grueso (grupo nilotica), Pagaza piconegra, Pagaza Piconegra (grupo nilotica)
Spanish (Argentine): Gaviotín Pico Grueso [grupo nilotica]
Spanish (Chile): Gaviotín de pico negro [grupo nilotica]
Spanish (Costa Rica): Charrán Piquinegro (grupo nilotica), Charrán Piquinegro [grupo nilotica]
Spanish (Cuba): Gaviotica de pico corto [grupo nilotica]
Spanish (Ecuador): Gaviotín Piquigrueso [Grupo nilotica]
Spanish (Spain): Pagaza piconegra (grupo nilotica), Pagaza Piconegra [nilotica Group]
Spanish (HBW): Gull-billed Tern (Gull-billed)
Spanish (Mexico): Charrán Pico Grueso (grupo nilotica)
Spanish (Panama): Gaviotín Piquigrueso (grupo nilotica)
Spanish (Peru): Gaviotín de Pico Negro [grupo nilotica]
Spanish (Paraguay): Gaviotín pico grueso [grupo nilotica]
Spanish (Uruguay): Gaviotín Pico Grueso [Grupo nilotica]
Estonian: Naerutiir
Basque: Txenada mokobeltz, Txenada mokobeltza [nilotica taldekoa)
Persian: پرستو دریایی نوک‌ کاکایی [nilotica Group], پرستودریایی نوک‌کاکایی
Finnish: hietatiira, hietatiira [alalaji nilotica]
Faroese: Sandterna
French: Sterne hansel, Sterne hansel [nilotica], Sterne hansel [nominal]
Frisian: Kobbestirns, Swartsnaffelstirns
Irish: Geabhróg ghobdhubh
Galician: Carrán de bico curto, Carrán de bico curto [grupo nilotica]
Manx: Sternag ghob-doo
Hebrew: שחפית עבת-מקור, שחפית עבת-מקור (אירואסייתית)
Croatian: debelokljuna čigra
Hungarian: kacagócsér, Kacagócsér (nilotica)
Armenian: Որորակտուց ջրածիծառ (Սովորական)
Indonesian: Burung Dara-laut Paruh Lebar, Burung Dara-laut Tiram, Daralaut Tiram, Dara-laut tiram
Icelandic: Sandþerna, Sandþerna [nilotica hópur]
Italian: Sterna zampenere, Sterna zampenere [gruppo nilotica]
Japanese (romaji): hashi-buto aji-sashi, hashibutoajisashi (nilotica guru-pu)
Japanese: ハシブトアジサシ, ハシブトアジサシ (nilotica グループ), ハシブトアジサシ(nilotica グループ)
Japanese (Kanji): 嘴太鯵刺
Georgian: თოლიისნისკარტა თევზიყლაპია
Kabardian: хы тхьэрыкъуэ пэ фӀыцӀэ, хытхьэрыкъуэпэпцӀэ
Mongolian, Halh: амуулай
Kazakh: қаратұмсық қарқылдақ, қаратұмсық қырқылдақ, шағала тұмсықты қарқылдақ, шағалатұмсық қарқылдақ, шағалатұмсықты қарқылдақ
Kazakh (Transliteration): qara-tumsıq qarqıldaq
Korean: 큰부리제비갈매기, 큰부리제비갈매기 (nilotica group)
Korean (Transliteration): keun-buri-jebi-galmaegi
Kirghiz: чардак чагала, чардактумшук чабакчыл
Scientific: Gelochelidon meridionalis, Gelochelidon nilotica, Gelochelidon nilotica [nilotica Group], Gelochelidon nilotica [nilotica], Gelochelidon nilotica nilotica, Sterna anglica, Sterna nilotica
Luxembourgish: Laachséischmuewel
Lithuanian: kirasnapė žuvėdra, Kirasnapė žuvėdra [nilotica grupė]
Latvian: kāpu zīriņš
Macedonian: Дебелоклуна чигра
Malayalam: പാത്തക്കൊക്കൻ ആള
Mongolian: амуулай, Бахим амуулай, Бахим хараалай
Mongolian (Bichig): ᠪᠠᠬᠢᠮ ᠠᠮᠣᠯᠠᠢ
Mongolian (Bichig, Inner Mongolia): ᠪᠠᠬᠢᠮ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠢ
Mongolian (Cyrillic, Inner Mongolia): Бахим хараалай
Mongolian (Transliteration): bakhim amuulai, bakhim kharaalai
Malay: Burung Camar Ketam, Burung Camar Tiram
Maltese: Ċirlewwa bumunqar, ċirlewwa geddumha oħxon
Nepali: गंगाचीलठू“डे ङ्घयालङ्घयाले
Dutch: Lachstern, Lachstern (nilotica groep)
Norwegian: Sandterne, sandterne (nilotica gr.)
Livvi (Olonets Karelian): čiirakko, čiirakon, čiirakot
Polish: rybitwa krótkodzioba, rybitwa krótkodzioba (gr. nilotica), rybitwa krótkodzioba [gr. nilotica]
Pinyin: ōu-zuǐ yàn-ōu, ōu-zuǐ zào-ōu
Portuguese: Tagáz, trinta-réis-de-bico-preto / tagaz
Portuguese (Brazil): trinta-réis-de-bico-preto [grupo nilotica]
Portuguese (Portugal): Tagaz [grupo nilotica], tagaz-comum
Rhaeto-Romance: Pestgarel chomma naira
Romanian: Pescăriţă râzătoare
Russian: Чайконосая крачка, Чайконосая крачка [группа nilotica]
Northern Sami: Sáttočearret
Sinhalese (Transliteration): Galuthudu Sayurulihiniya
Slovak: rybárka krátkozobá, rybárka krátkozobá (skup.)
Slovenian: črnonoga čigra, Črnonoga čigra [nilotica]
Albanian: Dallëndyshe deti këmbëzezë
Serbian: Debelokljuna čigra, Debelokljuna čigra [nilotica grupa]
Swedish: sandtärna, sandtärna [gruppen nilotica], sandtärna [nilotica Group]
Thai: นกนางนวลแกลบปากหนา, นกนางนวลแกลบปากหนา (ยูเรเชีย)
Thai (Transliteration): nók naaŋ-nuan-klàeep pàak năa
Turkmen: garaçüňk çerik
Turkish: Gülen Sumru, Gülen Sumru [nilotica Grubu], Қаратұмсық қарқылдақ
Tuvinian: кускун хаайлыг суг хараачыгайы
Ukrainian: крячок чорнодзьобий
Uzbek: балиқчи тумшуқли чигиртчи, балиқчитумшуқ чигиртчи, қоратумшуқ чигиртчи
Vietnamese: Chim Nhàn chân đen
Kalmyk: цах хоңшарта харлла
Chinese: 鸥嘴噪鸥, 鸥嘴噪鸥(广布)
Chinese (Traditional): 鷗嘴噪鷗, 鷗嘴燕鷗, 鷗嘴燕鷗(nilotica群), 鷗嘴燕鷗(指名亞種群)
Chinese (Taiwan, Traditional): 鷗嘴燕鷗
Chinese (Taiwan): 鸥嘴燕鸥

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