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Jackass Penguin

Spheniscus demersus (Linnaeus, C 1758)

The African penguin, also known as the Cape penguin or South African penguin, is a species of penguin confined to southern African waters. Like all extant penguins, it is flightless, with a streamlined body and wings stiffened and flattened into flippers for a marine habitat. Adults weigh an average of 2.2–3.5 kg (4.9–7.7 lb) and are 60–70 cm (24–28 in) tall. The species has distinctive pink patches of skin above the eyes and a black facial mask. The body's upperparts are black and sharply delineated from the white underparts, which are spotted and marked with a black band. The pink glands above their eyes help them with thermoregulation. To cope with changing temperatures, blood is sent to the glands to be cooled by the air. Source: Wikipedia




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Classification
Order:
  Sphenisciformes
Family:
  Spheniscidae
Genus:
   Spheniscus
Scientific:
  Spheniscus demersus

Original description

Citation:
  (Linnaeus, C 1758)

Reference:
   Systema Naturae ed. 10 1 p.132

Protonym:
  Diomedea demersa

Type locality:
  Cape of Good Hope.

Link:
  https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/10277#page/150/mode/1up

Avibase identifiers

Avibase ID:
  9B183BDD66511DD8

Avibase ID:
  avibase-9B183BDD

Short link:
  https://avibase.ca/9B183BDD

Taxonomic Serial Number:
  TSN: 174462


CRITICALLY ENDANGERED

Geographic range:

  • Spheniscus demersus: coasts and islands off Namibia, South Africa, and adjacent waters
Source: Clements checklist
English:
Jackass Penguin
Catalan:
Pingüí del Cap
Czech:
tučňák brýlový
Danish:
Æselpingvin
German:
Brillenpinguin
Spanish:
Pingüino de El Cabo
Spanish (Spain):
Pingüino de El Cabo
Finnish:
afrikanpingviini
French:
Manchot du Cap
Croatian:
Magarasti pingvin
Hungarian:
pápaszemes pingvin
Icelandic:
Gleraugnamörgæs
Italian:
Pinguino africano
Japanese (romaji):
ke-pupengin
Japanese:
ケープペンギン
Lithuanian:
Akiniuotasis pingvinas
Dutch:
Zwartvoetpinguïn
Norwegian Nynorsk:
Kappingvin
Norwegian:
Kappingvin
Polish:
pingwin przylądkowy
Portuguese:
pinguim-do-cabo
Portuguese (Portugal):
pinguim-do-cabo
Russian:
Очковый пингвин
Slovak:
tučniak okuliarnatý
Serbian:
Magarasti pingvin
Swedish:
sydafrikansk pingvin
Ukrainian:
Пінгвін африканський
Chinese:
南非企鹅
Chinese (Traditional):
斑嘴環企鵝

Authorities recognizing this taxonomic concept:

African Bird Club Checklist 2004:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
African Bird Club Checklist August 2005:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
African Bird Club Checklist March 2007:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
African Bird Club Checklist January 2008:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
African Bird Club Checklist May 2009:
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
African Bird Club Checklist March 2010:
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Avibase taxonomic concepts (current):
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 2023 (May 2023):
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 2024 (Oct 2024):
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 01 (August 2013):
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 02 (May 2014):
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 03 (March 2015):
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 04 (Aug 2016):
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 05 (Jan 2017):
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 06 (Feb 2018):
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 07 (Feb 2020):
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 08 (Feb 2021):
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Avilist 2025:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Birdlife checklist version 00:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Birdlife checklist version 01:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Birdlife checklist version 02:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Birdlife checklist version 03:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Birdlife checklist version 04:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Birdlife checklist version 05 (Jun 2012):
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Birdlife checklist version 05.1 (Oct 2012):
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Birdlife checklist version 06 (Nov 2013):
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Birdlife checklist version 06.1 (Feb 2014):
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Birdlife checklist version 07 (Jul 2014):
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Birdlife checklist version 08 (Oct 2015):
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Birdlife checklist version 09 (Dec 2016):
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Birdlife checklist version 09.1 (Jun 2017):
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v2 (Dec 2017):
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v3 (Nov 2018):
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v4 (Dec 2019):
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v5 (Dec 2020):
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v6 (Dec 2021):
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v6b (Jul 2022):
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v7 (Dec 2022):
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v8 (Dec 2023):
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v9 (Oct 2024):
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Commission internationale pour les noms français des oiseaux (1993, révision 2009):
Manchot du Cap ( Spheniscus demersus)
Commission internationale pour les noms français des oiseaux (1993):
Manchot du Cap ( Spheniscus demersus)
Clements 1st edition:
Cape Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Clements, version 2021:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Clements, version 2022:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Clements, version 2023:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Clements, version 2024:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Clements 3rd edition:
Cape Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Clements 4th edition:
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Clements 5th edition (as published):
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Clements 5th edition (incl. 2000 revisions):
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Clements 5th edition (incl. 2001 revisions):
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Clements 5th edition (incl. 2002 revisions):
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Clements 5th edition (incl. 2003 revisions):
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Clements 5th edition (incl. 2004 revisions):
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Clements 5th edition (incl. 2005 revisions):
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Clements 6th edition:
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Clements 6th edition (incl. 2007 revisions):
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Clements 6th edition (incl. 2008 revisions):
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Clements 6th edition (incl. 2009 revisions):
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Clements 6th edition (version 6.5 incl. 2010 revisions):
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Clements 6th edition (version 6.6 incl. 2011 revisions):
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Clements 6th edition (version 6.7 incl. 2012 revisions):
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Clements 6th edition (version 6.8 incl. 2013 revisions):
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Clements 6th edition (version 6.9 incl. 2014 revisions):
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Clements, version 2015:
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Clements, version 2016:
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Clements, version 2017:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Clements, version 2018:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Clements, version 2019:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
eBird version 1.50:
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
eBird version 1.52:
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
eBird version 1.53:
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
eBird version 1.54:
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
eBird version 1.55:
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
eBird version 2015:
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
eBird version 2016:
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
eBird version 2017:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
eBird version 2018:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
eBird version 2019:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
eBird version 2021:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
eBird version 2022:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
eBird version 2023:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
eBird version 2024:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Howard and Moore 2nd edition:
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Howard and Moore 2nd edition (incl. ? suppl):
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (as published):
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 1.2):
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 2.1):
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 3.1):
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 4):
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 5):
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 6):
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 7):
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 8):
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Howard and Moore 4th edition (vol. 1-2):
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Howard and Moore 4th edition (incl. corrigenda vol.1-2):
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Handbook of the Birds of the World (vol 1-16):
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (31/01/2015):
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (03/07/2017):
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Handbook of the Birds of the World and Birdlife (Dec 2017):
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Handbook of the Birds of the World and Birdlife (Dec 2018):
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
IOC World Bird Names, version 1.0:
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
IOC World Bird Names, version 1.1:
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
IOC World Bird Names, version 1.5:
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
IOC World Bird Names, version 1.6:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
IOC World Bird Names, version 1.7:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.0:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.1:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.2:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.3:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.4:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.5:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.6:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.7:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.8:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.9:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.10:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.11:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
IOC World Bird Names, version 3.1:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
IOC World Bird Names, version 3.2:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
IOC World Bird Names, version 3.3:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
IOC World Bird Names, version 3.4:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
IOC World Bird Names, version 3.5:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
IOC World Bird Names, version 4.1:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
IOC World Bird Names, version 4.2:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
IOC World Bird Names, version 4.3:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
IOC World Bird Names, version 4.4:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
IOC World Bird Names, version 5.1:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
IOC World Bird Names, version 5.2:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
IOC World Bird Names, version 5.3:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
IOC World Bird Names, version 5.4:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
IOC World Bird Names, version 6.1:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
IOC World Bird Names, version 6.2:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
IOC World Bird Names, version 6.3:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
IOC World Bird Names, version 6.4:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
IOC World Bird Names, version 7.1:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
IOC World Bird Names, version 7.2:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
IOC World Bird Names, version 7.3:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
IOC World Bird Names, version 8.1:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
IOC World Bird Names, version 8.2:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
IOC World Bird Names, version 9.1:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
IOC World Bird Names, version 9.2:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
IOC World Bird Names, version 10.1:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
IOC World Bird Names, version 10.2:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
IOC World Bird Names, version 11.1:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
IOC World Bird Names, version 11.2:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
IOC World Bird Names, version 12.1:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
IOC World Bird Names, version 12.2:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
IOC World Bird Names, version 13.1:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
IOC World Bird Names, version 13.2:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
IOC World Bird Names, version 14.1:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
IOC World Bird Names, version 14.2:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
IOC World Bird Names, version 15.1:
African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Morony, Bock and Farrand:
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Peters' Check-list of the Birds:
Spheniscus demersus
Peters' Check-list of the Birds (original):
Spheniscus demersus
Peters' Check-list of the Birds (2nd edition):
Spheniscus demersus
Sibley and Monroe (1993):
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Sibley and Monroe (1993, including corrections up to 1998):
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Sibley and Monroe, Birds of the World Version 2.0:
Jackass Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus)
Zoonomen - Zoological Nomenclature Resource:
Spheniscus demersus
Zoonomen - Zoological Nomenclature Resource:
Spheniscus demersus

Taxonomic status:

Species status: full species

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Related taxa

Highlight taxa in a checklist (shown in red)

Other synonyms

See also the taxonomic synonyms table.


Afrikaans: Brilpikkewyn, Brilpikkewyn (Afrikapikkewyn)
Azerbaijani: eynəkli pinqvin
Bulgarian: Африкански пингвин, Очилат пингвин
Bengali: িঅচিকান হ঩ঙ্খুিআন
Bengali (transliteration): āphrikāna pēṅgu'ina
Catalan: Pingüí del Cap
Montenegrin: magareći pingvin, магарећи пингвин
Montenegrin (Cyrillic): магарећи пингвин
Czech: Tucnák brýlový, tučňák brýlový
Chuvash: куçлăхлă пингвин
Danish: Æselpingvin, Brillepingvin
German: Brillenpinguin
English: African Penguin, Black-footed Pangu, Black-footed Pengu, Cape Penguin, Jackass Penguin
English, HBW: African Penguin
English (IOC): African Penguin
English (United States): African Penguin
Esperanto: Mergiĝa sfenisko, Sudafrika pingveno
Spanish: Pingüino de Anteojos, Pingüino de El Cabo, Pingüino del cabo
Spanish (Argentine): Pingüino del cabo
Spanish (Spain): Pingüino de El Cabo, Pingüino del Cabo
Spanish (HBW): African Penguin
Estonian: aafrika pingviin, aafrika pingviin (prillpingviin), prillpingviin
Finnish: Afrikanpingviini
French: Manchot du Cap
Irish: Piongain chosdubh
Hebrew: פינגווין אפריקני, פינגווין בינוני
Croatian: Magarasti pingvin
Hungarian: pápaszemes pingvin
Icelandic: Gleraugnamörgæs
Italian: Pinguino africano, Pinguino del Capo, Sfenisco demerso
Japanese (romaji): keapupengin, ke-pupengin
Japanese: ケアプペンギン, ケープペンギン
Mongolian, Halh: галапагос оцон шувуу
Kazakh: көзілдірікті пингвин
Kirghiz: алкаккөз пингвин
Scientific: Aptenodytes molinae, Diomedea chilensis, Diomedea demersa, Spheniscus demersus
Lithuanian: Akiniuotasis pingvinas
Mongolian: галапагос оцон шувуу
Maltese: pingwin Afrikan, pingwin aħmar
Dutch: Zwartvoetpinguïn
Norwegian Nynorsk: Kappingvin
Norwegian: Kappingvin, Kapp-pingvin
Polish: pingwin przyladkowy, pingwin przylądkowy, Pingwin toniec
Portuguese: Pinguim do cabo, Pinguim-do-cabo
Portuguese (Portugal): pinguim-do-cabo
Russian: очковый пингвин
Slovak: Tučniak okuliarnatý
Slovenian: Ocalasti pingvin
Serbian: Magarasti pingvin
Swedish: Sydafrikansk pingvin
Tajik: пингвини айнакдор
Turkish: Gözlüklü Penguen, Kap Pengueni
Ukrainian: Пінгвін африканський
Xhosa: Inguza
Chinese: 南非企鹅
Chinese (Traditional): 斑嘴環企鵝

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