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White-eyed Gull
Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus (Temminck, CJ 1825)
The white-eyed gull is a small gull that is endemic to the Red Sea. Its closest relative is the sooty gull. It is one of the world's rarest gulls, with a population of 4,000 – 6,500 pairs. The species is classed as Near Threatened by the IUCN; human pressure and oil pollution are deemed the major threats. As is the case with many gulls, it has traditionally been placed in the genus Larus. Source: Wikipedia
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Charadriiformes
Family:
Laridae
Genus:
Ichthyaetus
Scientific:
Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus
Classification
Order:Charadriiformes
Family:
Laridae
Genus:
Ichthyaetus
Scientific:
Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus
Original description
Citation:
(Temminck, CJ 1825)
Reference:
Nouv. Recueil Pl. Color. Ois.
livr.62 pl.366
Protonym:
Larus leucophthalmus
Type locality:
Coasts of the Red Sea.
Avibase identifiers
Avibase ID:
A7F240E39F0AD5F9
Avibase ID:
avibase-A7F240E3
Short link:
https://avibase.ca/A7F240E3
Taxonomic Serial Number:
TSN: 824069
Geographic range:
- Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus: Red Sea and Gulf of Aqaba to Gulf of Aden
Source: Clements checklist
White-eyed Gull
Catalan:
Gavina d'ulls blancs
Czech:
racek bělooký
Danish:
Rødehavsmåge
German:
Weißaugenmöwe
Spanish:
Gaviota Ojiblanca
Spanish (Spain):
Gaviota Ojiblanca
Finnish:
valkosilmälokki
French:
Goéland à iris blanc
Croatian:
Belooki galeb
Hungarian:
pápaszemes sirály
Icelandic:
Sandmáfur
Italian:
Gabbiano occhibianchi
Japanese (romaji):
mejirokamome
Japanese:
メジロカモメ
Lithuanian:
Baltaakis kiras
Dutch:
Witoogmeeuw
Norwegian Nynorsk:
Raudehavsmåse
Norwegian:
Rødehavsmåke
Polish:
mewa białooka
Portuguese:
Gaivota-d'olho-branco
Portuguese (Portugal):
Gaivota-d'olho-branco
Russian:
Белоглазая чайка
Slovak:
čajka bielooká
Serbian:
Belooki galeb
Swedish:
vitögd mås
Ukrainian:
Мартин червономорський
Chinese:
白眼鸥
Chinese (Traditional):
白眼鷗
Authorities recognizing this taxonomic concept:
| African Bird Club Checklist 2004: White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| African Bird Club Checklist August 2005: White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| African Bird Club Checklist March 2007: White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| African Bird Club Checklist January 2008: White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| African Bird Club Checklist May 2009: White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| African Bird Club Checklist March 2010: White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| Avibase taxonomic concepts (current): White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 2023 (May 2023): White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 01 (August 2013): White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 02 (May 2014): White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 03 (March 2015): White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 04 (Aug 2016): White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 05 (Jan 2017): White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 06 (Feb 2018): White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 07 (Feb 2020): White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 08 (Feb 2021): White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| Birdlife checklist version 00: White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| Birdlife checklist version 01: White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| Birdlife checklist version 02: White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| Birdlife checklist version 03: White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| Birdlife checklist version 04: White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| Birdlife checklist version 05 (Jun 2012): White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| Birdlife checklist version 05.1 (Oct 2012): White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| Birdlife checklist version 06 (Nov 2013): White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| Birdlife checklist version 06.1 (Feb 2014): White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| Birdlife checklist version 07 (Jul 2014): White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| Birdlife checklist version 08 (Oct 2015): White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| Birdlife checklist version 09 (Dec 2016): White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| Birdlife checklist version 09.1 (Jun 2017): White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v2 (Dec 2017): White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v3 (Nov 2018): White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v4 (Dec 2019): White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v5 (Dec 2020): White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v6 (Dec 2021): White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v6b (Jul 2022): White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v7 (Dec 2022): White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v8 (Dec 2023): White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| Commission internationale pour les noms français des oiseaux (1993, révision 2009): Goéland à iris blanc ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| Commission internationale pour les noms français des oiseaux (1993): Goéland à iris blanc ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| Clements 1st edition: White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| Clements, version 2021: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| Clements, version 2022: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| Clements, version 2023: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| Clements 3rd edition: White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| Clements 4th edition: White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| Clements 5th edition (as published): White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| Clements 5th edition (incl. 2000 revisions): White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| Clements 5th edition (incl. 2001 revisions): White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| Clements 5th edition (incl. 2002 revisions): White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| Clements 5th edition (incl. 2003 revisions): White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| Clements 5th edition (incl. 2004 revisions): White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| Clements 5th edition (incl. 2005 revisions): White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| Clements 6th edition: White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| Clements 6th edition (incl. 2007 revisions): White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| Clements 6th edition (incl. 2008 revisions): White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| Clements 6th edition (incl. 2009 revisions): White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| Clements 6th edition (version 6.5 incl. 2010 revisions): White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| Clements 6th edition (version 6.6 incl. 2011 revisions): White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| Clements 6th edition (version 6.7 incl. 2012 revisions): White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| Clements 6th edition (version 6.8 incl. 2013 revisions): White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| Clements 6th edition (version 6.9 incl. 2014 revisions): White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| Clements, version 2015: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| Clements, version 2016: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| Clements, version 2017: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| Clements, version 2018: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| Clements, version 2019: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| eBird version 1.50: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| eBird version 1.52: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| eBird version 1.53: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| eBird version 1.54: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| eBird version 1.55: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| eBird version 2015: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| eBird version 2016: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| eBird version 2017: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| eBird version 2018: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| eBird version 2019: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| eBird version 2021: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| eBird version 2022: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| eBird version 2023: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| Howard and Moore 2nd edition: White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| Howard and Moore 2nd edition (incl. ? suppl): White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| Howard and Moore 3rd edition (as published): White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 1.2): White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 2.1): White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 3.1): White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 4): White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 5): White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 6): White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 7): White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 8): White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| Howard and Moore 4th edition (vol. 1-2): White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| Howard and Moore 4th edition (incl. corrigenda vol.1-2): White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| Handbook of the Birds of the World (vol 1-16): White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (31/01/2015): White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (03/07/2017): White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| Handbook of the Birds of the World and Birdlife (Dec 2017): White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| Handbook of the Birds of the World and Birdlife (Dec 2018): White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 1.0: White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 1.1: White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 1.5: White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 1.6: White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 1.7: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 2.0: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 2.1: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 2.2: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 2.3: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 2.4: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 2.5: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 2.6: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 2.7: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 2.8: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 2.9: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 2.10: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 2.11: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 3.1: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 3.2: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 3.3: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 3.4: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 3.5: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 4.1: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 4.2: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 4.3: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 4.4: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 5.1: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 5.2: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 5.3: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 5.4: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 6.1: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 6.2: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 6.3: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 6.4: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 7.1: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 7.2: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 7.3: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 8.1: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 8.2: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 9.1: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 9.2: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 10.1: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 10.2: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 11.1: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 11.2: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 12.1: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 12.2: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 13.1: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 13.2: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 14.1: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| Morony, Bock and Farrand: White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| Oriental Bird Club: White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| Peters' Check-list of the Birds: Larus leucophthalmus |
| Peters' Check-list of the Birds (original): Larus leucophthalmus |
| Peters' Check-list of the Birds (2nd edition): Larus leucophthalmus |
| Sibley and Monroe (1993): White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| Sibley and Monroe (1993, including corrections up to 1998): White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| Sibley and Monroe, Birds of the World Version 2.0: White-eyed Gull ( Larus leucophthalmus) |
| Working Group Avian Checklists, version 0.01: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| Working Group Avian Checklists, version 0.02: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| Working Group Avian Checklists, version 0.03: White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| Working Group Avian Checklists, version 0.04 (7/07/2024): White-eyed Gull ( Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus) |
| Zoonomen - Zoological Nomenclature Resource: Larus leucophthalmus |
| Zoonomen - Zoological Nomenclature Resource: Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus |
Taxonomic status:
Species status: full species
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Other synonyms
See also the taxonomic synonyms table.
Afrikaans: Witoogmeeu
Arabic: نورس أبيض العين
Azerbaijani: ağgöz qağayı
Belarusian: Белавокая чайка
Bulgarian: Белоока чайка
Bengali: ধরামচাি গাঙচচর
Bengali (transliteration): dhalācōkha gāṅacila*
Breton: Gouelan lagad gwenn
Catalan: Gavina d'ulls blancs
Czech: Racek belooký, racek bělooký
Welsh: Gwylan lygatwen
Danish: Rødehavsmåge, Rødehavs-måge
German: Weissaugenmöve, Weißaugenmöwe
Greek: Λευκόφθαλμoς γλάρoς, Λευκόφθαλμος Γλάρος
English: Red Sea Black-headed Gull, White-eyed Gull
English, HBW: White-eyed Gull
English (IOC): White-eyed Gull
English (United States): White-eyed Gull
Esperanto: Blankokula mevo
Spanish: Gaviota de Ojos Blancos, Gaviota Ojiblanca
Spanish (Spain): Gaviota Ojiblanca
Spanish (HBW): Gaviota ojiblanca
Estonian: valgesilm-kajakas
Basque: Kaio begizuri
Persian: کاکایی چشم سفید, کاکایی چشمسفید
Finnish: Valkosilmälokki
French: Goéland à collier blanc, Goéland à iris blanc, Mouette à iris blanc
Frisian: Wyteachmiuw
Irish: Faoileán súilbhán
Galician: Gaivota de ollo branco
Manx: Foillan sooill-vane
Hebrew: שחף לבן עין, שחף לבן־עין, שחף לבן-עין
Croatian: Belooki galeb, Crvenomorski galeb
Hungarian: pápaszemes sirály
Icelandic: Sandmáfur
Italian: Gabbiano occhibianchi
Japanese (romaji): mejirokamome
Japanese: メジロカモメ
Kirghiz: ак көз чардак
Scientific: Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus, Larus leucophthalmus, Larus massauanus
Lithuanian: Baltaakis kiras
Latvian: baltacu kaija
Macedonian: Белоок галеб
Dutch: Witoogmeeuw
Norwegian Nynorsk: Raudehavsmåse
Norwegian: Rødehavsmåke
Polish: mewa bialooka, mewa białooka
Portuguese: Gaivota-d'olho-branco
Portuguese (Portugal): Gaivota-d'olho-branco
Rhaeto-Romance: Muetta da l’egl alv
Romanian: Pescăruş cu ochi albi
Russian: Белоглазая чайка
Northern Sami: Vilgesčalmbáiski
Slovak: Čajka bielooká
Slovenian: Belooki galeb, rdečemorski galeb
Serbian: Belooki galeb
Swedish: Vitögd mås
Turkish: Kızıldeniz Martısı, Kyzyldeniz martysy
Tatar: ак күзле акчарлак
Ukrainian: Мартин червономорський
Chinese: 白眼鸥
Chinese (Traditional): 白眼鷗
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