Geographic range:

• Kittacincla malabarica malabarica: S peninsular India
• Kittacincla malabarica leggei: Sri Lanka
• Kittacincla malabarica [macroura, interposita, pellogyna, indica or minor]: Nepal to northeastern India, southwestern China and Hainan Island), Myanmar, Thailand, Indochina (including Con Son Island, southern Vietnam), and the northern Thai-Malay Peninsula; the species also is introduced on Taiwan (subspecies not confirmed, possibly macrourus) and the Hawaiian Islands (probably macrourus)
• Kittacincla malabarica [tricolor, mallopercna, ochroptila, abbotti or eumesa]: southern Thai-Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Riau and Lingga Archipelagos, Bangka and Belitung islands, Anambas Islands, Natuna Islands, and western Java
• Kittacincla malabarica omissa: E Java
• Kittacincla malabarica javana: Central Java
• Kittacincla malabarica suavis: Borneo (except northern part)
• Kittacincla malabarica nigricauda: Kangean Islands and Matasiri I. (Java Sea)
• Kittacincla malabarica [melanura, opisthisa or opisthopela]: Nias Island and Mentawai Islands, west coast of Sumatra
• Kittacincla malabarica hypoliza: Simeulue Island, west coast of Sumatra
• Kittacincla malabarica opisthochra: Lasia and Babi Islands, west coast of Sumatra; possibly extinct in the wild
• Kittacincla malabarica mirabilis: Panaitan Island (Sunda Strait); possibly extinct
• Kittacincla albiventris: Andaman Islands
• Kittacincla stricklandii stricklandii: Lowlands of n Borneo, Labuan, Balembangan and Banggi islands
• Kittacincla stricklandii barbouri: Maratua Islands (off n Borneo)
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