The California towhee is a bird of the family Passerellidae, native to the coastal regions of western Oregon and California in the United States and Baja California Sur in Mexico. Source: Wikipedia
Citation:
(Vigors, NA 1839)
Reference:
Zool. Capt. Beechey's Voy.
Protonym:
Fringilla crissalis
Type locality:
no locality ; type from Monterey, Monterey County, California, fide Sharpe, 1888, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., 3, p. 754.
Link:
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/87193#page/51/mode/1up
Avibase ID:
B745D852493D59B9
Avibase ID:
avibase-B745D852
Short link:
https://avibase.ca/B745D852
Taxonomic Serial Number:
TSN: 997738
Geographic range:
Authorities recognizing this taxonomic concept:
American Ornithologists' Union 2nd edition (incl. 14th suppl.): California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
American Ornithologists' Union 2nd edition (incl. 15th suppl.): California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
American Ornithologists' Union 3rd edition (1910): Californian Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
American Ornithologists' Union 3rd edition (incl. 16th suppl.): Californian Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
American Ornithologists' Union 3rd edition (incl. 17th suppl.): Californian Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
American Ornithologists' Union 3rd edition (incl. 18th suppl.): Californian Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
American Ornithologists' Union 6th edition (incl. 37th suppl.): California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
American Ornithologists' Union 6th edition (incl. 38th suppl.): California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
American Ornithologists' Union 6th edition (incl. 39th suppl.): California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
American Ornithologists' Union 6th edition (incl. 40th suppl.): California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
American Ornithologists' Union 6th edition (incl. 41st suppl.): California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
American Ornithologists' Union 7th edition (1998): California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
American Ornithologists' Union 7th edition (incl. 42nd suppl.): California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
American Ornithologists' Union 7th edition (incl. 43rd suppl.): California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
American Ornithologists' Union 7th edition (incl. 44th suppl.): California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
American Ornithologists' Union 7th edition (incl. 45th suppl.): California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
American Ornithologists' Union 7th edition (incl. 46th suppl.): California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
American Ornithologists' Union 7th edition (incl. 47th suppl.): California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
American Ornithologists' Union 7th edition (incl. 48th suppl.): California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
American Ornithologists' Union 7th edition (incl. 49th suppl.): California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
American Ornithologists' Union 7th edition (incl. 50th suppl.): California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
American Ornithologists' Union 7th edition (incl. 51st suppl.): California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
American Ornithologists' Union 7th edition (incl. 52nd suppl.): California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
American Ornithologists' Union 7th edition (incl. 53rd suppl.): California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
American Ornithologists' Union 7th edition (incl. 54th suppl.): California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
American Ornithologists' Union 7th edition (incl. 55th suppl.): California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
American Ornithologists' Union 7th edition (incl. 56th suppl.): California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
American Ornithologists' Union 7th edition (incl. 57th suppl.): California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
American Ornithologists' Society 7th edition (incl. 58th suppl.): California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
American Ornithologists' Society 7th edition (incl. 59th suppl.): California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
American Ornithologists' Society 7th edition (incl. 60th suppl.): California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
American Ornithologists' Society 7th edition (incl. 61st suppl.): California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
American Ornithologists' Society 7th edition (incl. 61st suppl. and addendum): California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
American Ornithologists' Society 7th edition (incl. 62nd suppl.): California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
American Ornithologists' Society 7th edition (incl. 63rd suppl.): California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
American Ornithologists' Society 7th edition (incl. 64th suppl.): California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
American Ornithologists' Society 7th edition (incl. 65th suppl.): California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
Avibase taxonomic concepts (current): California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 2023 (May 2023): California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 2024 (Oct 2024): California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 01 (August 2013): California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 02 (May 2014): California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 03 (March 2015): California Towhee ( Kieneria crissalis) [version 1] |
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 04 (Aug 2016): California Towhee ( Kieneria crissalis) [version 1] |
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 05 (Jan 2017): California Towhee ( Kieneria crissalis) [version 1] |
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 06 (Feb 2018): California Towhee ( Kieneria crissalis) [version 1] |
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 07 (Feb 2020): California Towhee ( Kieneria crissalis) [version 1] |
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 08 (Feb 2021): California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
Birdlife checklist version 00: California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
Birdlife checklist version 01: California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
Birdlife checklist version 02: California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
Birdlife checklist version 03: California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
Birdlife checklist version 04: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
Birdlife checklist version 05 (Jun 2012): California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
Birdlife checklist version 05.1 (Oct 2012): California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
Birdlife checklist version 06 (Nov 2013): California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
Birdlife checklist version 06.1 (Feb 2014): California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
Birdlife checklist version 07 (Jul 2014): California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
Birdlife checklist version 08 (Oct 2015): California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
Birdlife checklist version 09 (Dec 2016): California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
Birdlife checklist version 09.1 (Jun 2017): California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v2 (Dec 2017): California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v3 (Nov 2018): California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v4 (Dec 2019): California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v5 (Dec 2020): California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v6 (Dec 2021): California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v6b (Jul 2022): California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v7 (Dec 2022): California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v8 (Dec 2023): California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v9 (Oct 2024): California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
Commission internationale pour les noms français des oiseaux (1993, révision 2009): Tohi de Californie ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
Commission internationale pour les noms français des oiseaux (1993): Tohi de Californie ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
Clements, version 2021: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
Clements, version 2022: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
Clements, version 2023: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
Clements, version 2024: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
Clements 4th edition: California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
Clements 5th edition (as published): California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
Clements 5th edition (incl. 2000 revisions): California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
Clements 5th edition (incl. 2001 revisions): California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
Clements 5th edition (incl. 2002 revisions): California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
Clements 5th edition (incl. 2003 revisions): California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
Clements 5th edition (incl. 2004 revisions): California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
Clements 5th edition (incl. 2005 revisions): California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
Clements 6th edition: California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
Clements 6th edition (incl. 2007 revisions): California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
Clements 6th edition (incl. 2008 revisions): California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
Clements 6th edition (incl. 2009 revisions): California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
Clements 6th edition (version 6.5 incl. 2010 revisions): California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
Clements 6th edition (version 6.6 incl. 2011 revisions): California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
Clements 6th edition (version 6.7 incl. 2012 revisions): California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
Clements 6th edition (version 6.8 incl. 2013 revisions): California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
Clements 6th edition (version 6.9 incl. 2014 revisions): California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
Clements, version 2015: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
Clements, version 2016: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
Clements, version 2017: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
Clements, version 2018: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
Clements, version 2019: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
eBird version 1.50: California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
eBird version 1.52: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
eBird version 1.53: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
eBird version 1.54: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
eBird version 1.55: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
eBird version 2015: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
eBird version 2016: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
eBird version 2017: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
eBird version 2018: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
eBird version 2019: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
eBird version 2021: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
eBird version 2022: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
eBird version 2023: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
eBird version 2024: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
Howard and Moore 2nd edition (incl. ? suppl): California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (as published): California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 1.2): California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 2.1): California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 3.1): California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 4): California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 5): California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 6): California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 7): California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 8): California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
Howard and Moore 4th edition (vol. 1-2): California Towhee ( Kieneria crissalis) [version 1] |
Howard and Moore 4th edition (incl. corrigenda vol.1-2): California Towhee ( Kieneria crissalis) [version 1] |
Handbook of the Birds of the World (vol 1-16): California Towhee ( Pyrgisoma crissale) [version 1] |
Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (31/01/2015): California Towhee ( Pyrgisoma crissale) [version 1] |
Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (03/07/2017): California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
Handbook of the Birds of the World and Birdlife (Dec 2017): California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
Handbook of the Birds of the World and Birdlife (Dec 2018): California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
IOC World Bird Names, version 1.0: California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
IOC World Bird Names, version 1.1: California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
IOC World Bird Names, version 1.5: California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
IOC World Bird Names, version 1.6: California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
IOC World Bird Names, version 1.7: California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.0: California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.1: California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.2: California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.3: California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.4: California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.5: California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.6: California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.7: California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.8: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.9: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.10: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.11: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
IOC World Bird Names, version 3.1: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
IOC World Bird Names, version 3.2: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
IOC World Bird Names, version 3.3: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
IOC World Bird Names, version 3.4: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
IOC World Bird Names, version 3.5: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
IOC World Bird Names, version 4.1: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
IOC World Bird Names, version 4.2: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
IOC World Bird Names, version 4.3: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
IOC World Bird Names, version 4.4: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
IOC World Bird Names, version 5.1: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
IOC World Bird Names, version 5.2: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
IOC World Bird Names, version 5.3: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
IOC World Bird Names, version 5.4: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
IOC World Bird Names, version 6.1: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
IOC World Bird Names, version 6.2: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
IOC World Bird Names, version 6.3: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
IOC World Bird Names, version 6.4: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
IOC World Bird Names, version 7.1: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
IOC World Bird Names, version 7.2: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
IOC World Bird Names, version 7.3: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
IOC World Bird Names, version 8.1: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
IOC World Bird Names, version 8.2: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
IOC World Bird Names, version 9.1: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
IOC World Bird Names, version 9.2: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
IOC World Bird Names, version 10.1: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
IOC World Bird Names, version 10.2: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
IOC World Bird Names, version 11.1: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
IOC World Bird Names, version 11.2: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
IOC World Bird Names, version 12.1: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
IOC World Bird Names, version 12.2: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
IOC World Bird Names, version 13.1: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
IOC World Bird Names, version 13.2: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
IOC World Bird Names, version 14.1: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
IOC World Bird Names, version 14.2: California Towhee ( Melozone crissalis) [version 1] |
Morony, Bock and Farrand: California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
Oriental Bird Club: California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) |
Sibley and Monroe (1993): California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
Sibley and Monroe (1993, including corrections up to 1998): California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
Sibley and Monroe, Birds of the World Version 2.0: California Towhee ( Pipilo crissalis) [version 1] |
Zoonomen - Zoological Nomenclature Resource: Pipilo crissalis [version 1] |
Zoonomen - Zoological Nomenclature Resource: Melozone crissalis [version 1] |
Taxonomic status:
Species status: full species (sometimes a subspecies)
This taxon is considered a subspecies of
Melozone [fusca or crissalis]
(sensu lato) by some authors
Your sightings
You must be logged in to view your sighting details. To register to myAvibase click here.
Other synonyms
See also the taxonomic synonyms table.
Avibase has been visited 418,429,454 times since 24 June 2003. © Denis Lepage | Privacy policy