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Blue-breasted Quail

Excalfactoria chinensis (Linnaeus, C 1766)

The king quail, also known as the blue-breasted quail, Asian blue quail, Chinese painted quail, or Chung-Chi, is a species of Old World quail in the family Phasianidae. This species is the smallest "true quail", ranging in the wild from Southern China, South and south-eastern Asia to Oceania, up to South-eastern Australia with 9 different sub-species. A failed attempt was made to introduce this species to New Zealand by the Otago Acclimatisation Society in the late 1890s. It is quite common in aviculture worldwide, where it is sometimes misleadingly known as the "button quail", which is the name of an only very distantly related family of birds, the buttonquails. Source: Wikipedia




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Classification
Order:
  Galliformes
Family:
  Phasianidae
Genus:
   Excalfactoria
Scientific:
  Excalfactoria chinensis

Original description

Citation:
  (Linnaeus, C 1766)

Reference:
   Systema Naturae ed. 12, vol. 1, part 1

Protonym:
  Tetrao chinensis

Type locality:
  China and the Phihppines = Nanking, China, ex Edwards.

Link:
  https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/137337#page/281/mode/1up

Avibase identifiers

Avibase ID:
  C2579CCB48D8AF6F

Avibase ID:
  avibase-C2579CCB

Short link:
  https://avibase.ca/C2579CCB

Taxonomic Serial Number:
  TSN: 176009

Geographic range:

  • Excalfactoria chinensis [chinensis, lineatula or palmeri]: India to Sri Lanka, Malaya, Indochina, southeastern China, and Taiwan
  • Excalfactoria chinensis trinkutensis: Nicobar Islands
  • Excalfactoria chinensis lepida: Bismarck Archipelago
  • Excalfactoria chinensis novaeguineae: montane forest of New Guinea
  • Excalfactoria chinensis papuensis: southeastern New Guinea
  • Excalfactoria chinensis lineata: Philippines, Borneo, Sumatra and Java to Sulawesi, Sula Islands, and Lesser Sundas (Lombok to Sumba, Flores, and Timor)
  • Excalfactoria chinensis colletti: northern Australia (Northern Territory)
  • Excalfactoria chinensis victoriae: eastern Australia (Queensland to Victoria)
  • Show more...
Source: Clements checklist
English:
Blue-breasted Quail
Catalan:
Guatlla blava asiàtica
Czech:
křepelka čínská
Danish:
Kinesisk Dværgvagtel
German:
Zwergwachtel
Spanish:
Codorniz China
Spanish (Spain):
Codorniz China
Finnish:
idänsiniviiriäinen
French:
Caille peinte
Croatian:
kineska prepelica
Hungarian:
kínai törpefürj
Icelandic:
Dverghæna
Italian:
Quaglia pettoblu
Japanese (romaji):
himeuzura
Japanese:
ヒメウズラ
Lithuanian:
azijinė melsvoji putpelė
Dutch:
Chinese Dwergkwartel
Norwegian Nynorsk:
Asiablåvaktel
Norwegian:
Asiablåvaktel
Polish:
przepiórka chińska
Portuguese:
Codorniz-da-china
Portuguese (Portugal):
Codorniz-chinesa
Russian:
Расписной перепел
Slovak:
prepelica čínska
Serbian:
Kineska prepelica
Swedish:
asiatisk blåvaktel
Ukrainian:
Перепілка китайська
Chinese:
蓝胸鹑
Chinese (Traditional):
小鵪鶉

Authorities recognizing this taxonomic concept:

Avibase taxonomic concepts (current):
Blue-breasted Quail ( Excalfactoria chinensis) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 2023 (May 2023):
Blue-breasted Quail ( Excalfactoria chinensis) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 2024 (Oct 2024):
Blue-breasted Quail ( Excalfactoria chinensis) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 01 (August 2013):
Blue-breasted Quail ( Coturnix chinensis) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 02 (May 2014):
Blue-breasted Quail ( Coturnix chinensis) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 03 (March 2015):
Blue-breasted Quail ( Synoicus chinensis) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 04 (Aug 2016):
Blue-breasted Quail ( Synoicus chinensis) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 05 (Jan 2017):
Blue-breasted Quail ( Synoicus chinensis) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 06 (Feb 2018):
Blue-breasted Quail ( Synoicus chinensis) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 07 (Feb 2020):
Blue-breasted Quail ( Synoicus chinensis) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 08 (Feb 2021):
Blue-breasted Quail ( Excalfactoria chinensis) [version 1]
Birdlife checklist version 00:
Blue-breasted Quail ( Coturnix chinensis) [version 1]
Birdlife checklist version 07 (Jul 2014):
Asian Blue Quail ( Synoicus chinensis) [version 1]
Birdlife checklist version 08 (Oct 2015):
Asian Blue Quail ( Synoicus chinensis) [version 1]
Birdlife checklist version 09 (Dec 2016):
Asian Blue Quail ( Synoicus chinensis) [version 1]
Birdlife checklist version 09.1 (Jun 2017):
Asian Blue Quail ( Synoicus chinensis) [version 1]
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v2 (Dec 2017):
Asian Blue Quail ( Synoicus chinensis) [version 1]
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v3 (Nov 2018):
Asian Blue Quail ( Synoicus chinensis) [version 1]
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v4 (Dec 2019):
Asian Blue Quail ( Synoicus chinensis) [version 1]
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v5 (Dec 2020):
Asian Blue Quail ( Synoicus chinensis) [version 1]
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v6 (Dec 2021):
Asian Blue Quail ( Synoicus chinensis) [version 1]
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v6b (Jul 2022):
Asian Blue Quail ( Synoicus chinensis) [version 1]
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v7 (Dec 2022):
Asian Blue Quail ( Synoicus chinensis) [version 1]
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v8 (Dec 2023):
Asian Blue Quail ( Synoicus chinensis) [version 1]
Commission internationale pour les noms français des oiseaux (1993, révision 2009):
Caille peinte ( Coturnix chinensis) [version 1]
Commission internationale pour les noms français des oiseaux (1993):
Caille peinte ( Coturnix chinensis) [version 1]
Clements 1st edition:
Blue-breasted Quail ( Coturnix chinensis) [version 1]
Clements, version 2021:
Blue-breasted Quail ( Synoicus chinensis) [version 1]
Clements, version 2022:
Blue-breasted Quail ( Synoicus chinensis) [version 1]
Clements, version 2023:
Blue-breasted Quail ( Synoicus chinensis) [version 1]
Clements 3rd edition:
King Quail ( Excalfactoria chinensis) [version 1]
Clements 4th edition:
Blue-breasted Quail ( Coturnix chinensis) [version 1]
Clements 5th edition (as published):
Blue-breasted Quail ( Coturnix chinensis) [version 1]
Clements 5th edition (incl. 2000 revisions):
Blue-breasted Quail ( Coturnix chinensis) [version 1]
Clements 5th edition (incl. 2001 revisions):
Blue-breasted Quail ( Coturnix chinensis) [version 1]
Clements 5th edition (incl. 2002 revisions):
Blue-breasted Quail ( Coturnix chinensis) [version 1]
Clements 5th edition (incl. 2003 revisions):
Blue-breasted Quail ( Coturnix chinensis) [version 1]
Clements 5th edition (incl. 2004 revisions):
Blue-breasted Quail ( Coturnix chinensis) [version 1]
Clements 5th edition (incl. 2005 revisions):
Blue-breasted Quail ( Coturnix chinensis) [version 1]
Clements 6th edition:
Blue-breasted Quail ( Coturnix chinensis) [version 1]
Clements 6th edition (incl. 2007 revisions):
Blue-breasted Quail ( Coturnix chinensis) [version 1]
Clements 6th edition (incl. 2008 revisions):
Blue-breasted Quail ( Coturnix chinensis) [version 1]
Clements 6th edition (incl. 2009 revisions):
Blue-breasted Quail ( Coturnix chinensis) [version 1]
Clements 6th edition (version 6.5 incl. 2010 revisions):
Blue-breasted Quail ( Coturnix chinensis) [version 1]
Clements 6th edition (version 6.6 incl. 2011 revisions):
Blue-breasted Quail ( Coturnix chinensis) [version 1]
Clements 6th edition (version 6.7 incl. 2012 revisions):
Blue-breasted Quail ( Coturnix chinensis) [version 1]
Clements 6th edition (version 6.8 incl. 2013 revisions):
Blue-breasted Quail ( Coturnix chinensis) [version 1]
Clements 6th edition (version 6.9 incl. 2014 revisions):
Blue-breasted Quail ( Coturnix chinensis) [version 1]
Clements, version 2015:
Blue-breasted Quail ( Synoicus chinensis) [version 1]
Clements, version 2016:
Blue-breasted Quail ( Synoicus chinensis) [version 1]
Clements, version 2017:
Blue-breasted Quail ( Synoicus chinensis) [version 1]
Clements, version 2018:
Blue-breasted Quail ( Synoicus chinensis) [version 1]
Clements, version 2019:
Blue-breasted Quail ( Synoicus chinensis) [version 1]
eBird version 1.50:
Blue-breasted Quail ( Coturnix chinensis) [version 1]
eBird version 1.52:
Blue-breasted Quail ( Coturnix chinensis) [version 1]
eBird version 1.53:
Blue-breasted Quail ( Coturnix chinensis) [version 1]
eBird version 1.54:
Blue-breasted Quail ( Coturnix chinensis) [version 1]
eBird version 1.55:
Blue-breasted Quail ( Coturnix chinensis) [version 1]
eBird version 2015:
Blue-breasted Quail ( Synoicus chinensis) [version 1]
eBird version 2016:
Blue-breasted Quail ( Synoicus chinensis) [version 1]
eBird version 2017:
Blue-breasted Quail ( Synoicus chinensis) [version 1]
eBird version 2018:
Blue-breasted Quail ( Synoicus chinensis) [version 1]
eBird version 2019:
Blue-breasted Quail ( Synoicus chinensis) [version 1]
eBird version 2021:
Blue-breasted Quail ( Synoicus chinensis) [version 1]
eBird version 2022:
Blue-breasted Quail ( Synoicus chinensis) [version 1]
eBird version 2023:
Blue-breasted Quail ( Synoicus chinensis) [version 1]
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (as published):
Blue-breasted Quail/King Quail ( Coturnix chinensis) [version 1]
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 1.2):
Blue-breasted Quail/King Quail ( Coturnix chinensis) [version 1]
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 2.1):
Blue-breasted Quail/King Quail ( Coturnix chinensis) [version 1]
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 3.1):
Blue-breasted Quail/King Quail ( Coturnix chinensis) [version 1]
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 4):
Blue-breasted Quail/King Quail ( Coturnix chinensis) [version 1]
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 5):
Blue-breasted Quail/King Quail ( Coturnix chinensis) [version 1]
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 6):
Blue-breasted Quail/King Quail ( Coturnix chinensis) [version 1]
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 7):
Blue-breasted Quail/King Quail ( Coturnix chinensis) [version 1]
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 8):
Blue-breasted Quail/King Quail ( Coturnix chinensis) [version 1]
Howard and Moore 4th edition (vol. 1-2):
Blue-breasted Quail ( Synoicus chinensis) [version 1]
Howard and Moore 4th edition (incl. corrigenda vol.1-2):
Blue-breasted Quail ( Synoicus chinensis) [version 1]
Handbook of the Birds of the World (vol 1-16):
Asian Blue Quail ( Coturnix chinensis) [version 1]
Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (31/01/2015):
Asian Blue Quail ( Synoicus chinensis) [version 1]
Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (03/07/2017):
Asian Blue Quail ( Synoicus chinensis) [version 1]
Handbook of the Birds of the World and Birdlife (Dec 2017):
Asian Blue Quail ( Synoicus chinensis) [version 1]
Handbook of the Birds of the World and Birdlife (Dec 2018):
Asian Blue Quail ( Synoicus chinensis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 1.0:
King Quail ( Coturnix chinensis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 1.1:
King Quail ( Coturnix chinensis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 1.5:
King Quail ( Coturnix chinensis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 1.6:
King Quail ( Coturnix chinensis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 1.7:
King Quail ( Coturnix chinensis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.0:
King Quail ( Excalfactoria chinensis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.1:
King Quail ( Excalfactoria chinensis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.2:
King Quail ( Excalfactoria chinensis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.3:
King Quail ( Excalfactoria chinensis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.4:
King Quail ( Excalfactoria chinensis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.5:
King Quail ( Excalfactoria chinensis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.6:
King Quail ( Excalfactoria chinensis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.7:
King Quail ( Excalfactoria chinensis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.8:
King Quail ( Excalfactoria chinensis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.9:
King Quail ( Excalfactoria chinensis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.10:
King Quail ( Excalfactoria chinensis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.11:
King Quail ( Excalfactoria chinensis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 3.1:
King Quail ( Excalfactoria chinensis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 3.2:
King Quail ( Excalfactoria chinensis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 3.3:
King Quail ( Excalfactoria chinensis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 3.4:
King Quail ( Excalfactoria chinensis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 3.5:
King Quail ( Excalfactoria chinensis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 4.1:
King Quail ( Excalfactoria chinensis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 4.2:
King Quail ( Excalfactoria chinensis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 4.3:
King Quail ( Excalfactoria chinensis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 4.4:
King Quail ( Excalfactoria chinensis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 5.1:
King Quail ( Excalfactoria chinensis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 5.2:
King Quail ( Excalfactoria chinensis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 5.3:
King Quail ( Excalfactoria chinensis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 5.4:
King Quail ( Excalfactoria chinensis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 6.1:
King Quail ( Excalfactoria chinensis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 6.2:
King Quail ( Excalfactoria chinensis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 6.3:
King Quail ( Excalfactoria chinensis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 6.4:
King Quail ( Excalfactoria chinensis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 7.1:
King Quail ( Excalfactoria chinensis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 7.2:
King Quail ( Excalfactoria chinensis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 7.3:
King Quail ( Excalfactoria chinensis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 8.1:
King Quail ( Excalfactoria chinensis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 8.2:
King Quail ( Excalfactoria chinensis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 9.1:
King Quail ( Excalfactoria chinensis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 9.2:
King Quail ( Excalfactoria chinensis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 10.1:
King Quail ( Excalfactoria chinensis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 10.2:
King Quail ( Excalfactoria chinensis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 11.1:
King Quail ( Excalfactoria chinensis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 11.2:
King Quail ( Synoicus chinensis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 12.1:
King Quail ( Synoicus chinensis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 12.2:
King Quail ( Synoicus chinensis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 13.1:
King Quail ( Synoicus chinensis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 13.2:
King Quail ( Synoicus chinensis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 14.1:
King Quail ( Synoicus chinensis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 14.2:
King Quail ( Synoicus chinensis) [version 1]
Morony, Bock and Farrand:
King Quail ( Excalfactoria chinensis) [version 1]
Oriental Bird Club:
Blue-breasted Quail ( Coturnix chinensis)
Peters' Check-list of the Birds:
Excalfactoria chinensis [version 1]
Peters' Check-list of the Birds (original):
Excalfactoria chinensis [version 1]
Peters' Check-list of the Birds (2nd edition):
Excalfactoria chinensis [version 1]
Sibley and Monroe (1993):
Blue-breasted Quail ( Coturnix chinensis) [version 1]
Sibley and Monroe (1993, including corrections up to 1998):
Blue-breasted Quail ( Coturnix chinensis) [version 1]
Sibley and Monroe, Birds of the World Version 2.0:
Blue-breasted Quail ( Coturnix chinensis) [version 1]
Working Group Avian Checklists, version 0.01:
King Quail ( Excalfactoria chinensis) [version 1]
Working Group Avian Checklists, version 0.02:
King Quail ( Synoicus chinensis) [version 1]
Working Group Avian Checklists, version 0.03:
King Quail ( Synoicus chinensis) [version 1]
Working Group Avian Checklists, version 0.04 (7/07/2024):
King Quail ( Synoicus chinensis) [version 1]
Zoonomen - Zoological Nomenclature Resource:
Coturnix chinensis [version 1]
Zoonomen - Zoological Nomenclature Resource:
Excalfactoria chinensis [version 1]

Taxonomic status:

Species status: full species (sometimes nominal subspecies)

This taxon is considered a subspecies of Excalfactoria [chinensis or adansonii] (sensu lato) by some authors

Your sightings

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Related taxa

Highlight taxa in a checklist (shown in red)

Other synonyms

See also the taxonomic synonyms table.


Afrikaans: Bloukwartel
Bengali: যাজ ফমটযা , রাজ বটেরা
Bengali (transliteration): rāja baṭērā
Catalan: Guatlla blava asiàtica
Cebuano: pitpitaw
Czech: Krepelka cínská, křepelka čínská
Danish: Kinesisk Dværgvagtel
German: Adanson-Wachtel, Asiatische Zwegwachtel, Asiatische Zwergwachtel, Chinesische Zwergwachtel, Zwergwachtel
English: Asian Blue Quail, Blue breasted Quail, Blue Quail, Blue-breasted Quail, Blue-breasted Quail/King Quail, Chestnut-bellied quail, Chinese painted quail, Chinese Quail, Indian Blue Quail, King Quail, Painted Quail, Pygmy Quail
English (Australia): King Quail
English (Bangladesh): Blue-breasted Quail (King Quail)
English, HBW: Asian Blue Quail
English (India): Blue-breasted Quail (King Quail)
English (IOC): King Quail
English (United States): Blue-breasted Quail
Esperanto: Ĉina koturno
Spanish: Codorniz Azul China, Codorniz China
Spanish (Spain): Codorniz China
Spanish (HBW): Blue-breasted Quail
Estonian: ida-sinivutt
Finnish: idänsiniviiriäinen, Siniviiriäinen
French: Caille bleue, Caille de Chine, Caille naine, Caille peinte, Caille peinte de Chine
Irish: Gearg Shíneach
Croatian: kineska prepelica
Hungarian: kínai törpefürj
Indonesian: Burung Puyuh Batu, Burung Puyuh Pepekoh, Puyuh Batu, Sonta kasamba-kasamba, Sontasamba-samba
Icelandic: Dverghæna
Italian: Quaglia della Cina, Quaglia nana, Quaglia pettoblu
Japanese (romaji): hime uzura, himeuzura, nankin hime uzura
Japanese: ナンキンヒメウズラ, ヒメウズラ, ヒメウヅラ
Japanese (Kanji): 南京姫鶉, 姫鶉
Kazakh: ергежейлі бөдене
Kirghiz: кидик бөдөнө
Scientific: Coturnix chinensis, Coturnix chinensis chinensis, Coturnix excalfactoria, Excalfactoria chinensis, Synoicus chinensis, Synoicus chinensis chinensis, Tetrao chinensis
Lithuanian: Azijinė melsvoji kurapka, azijinė melsvoji putpelė
Malayalam: നീലമാറൻ കാട, നീലമാറന്‍  കാട
Malay: Burung Pikau, Pikau
Nepali: खरबट्टाई
Dutch: Chinese Dwergkwartel
Norwegian Nynorsk: Asiablåvaktel
Norwegian: Asiablåvaktel, Dvergvaktel, Kinesisk dvergvaktel
Polish: przepiórka chinska, Przepiórka chińska
Pinyin: guì-huā què, lán-xiōng chún, wǔ-gēng niǎo, xiǎo ānchun
Portuguese: Codorniz-da-china
Portuguese (Portugal): Codorniz-chinesa
Russian: Расписной Голубой Перепел, Расписной перепел
Sinhalese (Transliteration): Laya-nil Piriwatuwa
Slovak: prepelica cínska, prepelica čínska
Serbian: Kineska prepelica
Swedish: asiatisk blåvaktel, Kinesisk dvärgvaktel
Thai: นกคุ่มสี
Thai (Transliteration): nók kʰûm sĭi
Turkish: Asya mavi bıldırcını
Ukrainian: Перепілка китайська
Uzbek: Хитой беданаси
Vietnamese: Cay trung quốc, Chim cút ngực lam, Chim cút Trung Quốc, Quế hoa tước
Chinese: 五更鸟, 小鵪鶉, 桂花雀, 蓝胸鹑
Chinese (Traditional): 五更鳥, 小鵪鶉, 桂花雀, 藍胸鶉
Chinese (Taiwan, Traditional): 小鵪鶉
Chinese (Taiwan): 小鹌鹑

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