Classification

Original description

Citation:
  Pontoppidan, E 1763

Reference:
   Danske Atlas 1 p.622

Protonym:
  Larus Argentatus

Type locality:
  No type locality' = Christiansoe, ex Brunnich, Orn. Boreal., 1764, p. 44.

Avibase identifiers

Avibase ID:
  E729AF2724100FCF

Avibase ID:
  avibase-E729AF27

Short link:
  https://avibase.ca/E729AF27

Taxonomic Serial Number:
  TSN: 176824

Geographic range:

• Larus glaucoides: breeds on rocky cliffs of Arctic northeastern Canada to Greenland; winters coastal Iceland to northwestern Europe; Labrador to west-central North Atlantic coast; and east-central North Pacific coast
• Larus glaucoides glaucoides: southern and western Greenland; winters to northern Europe
• Larus glaucoides kumlieni: northeastern Canada (Baffin Island and northwestern Ungava); winters to northern USA
• Larus glaucoides thayeri: Hudson Bay to western Greenland; winters British Columbia to Baja California
• Larus argentatus argentatus: Scandinavia to Kola Peninsula; winters northern and western Europe
• Larus argentatus argenteus: northwestern Europe; winters to northern Iberia
• Larus smithsonianus: northern North America (Alaska to Atlantic coast); winters to Central America
• Larus cachinnans: Black Sea to Kazakhstan; winters to southern Asia and northeastern Africa
• Larus barabensis: steppes of central Asia; winters mainly in southwestern Asia eastward to India
• Larus michahellis: Atlantic coasts of Portugal, Spain, and Morocco; coastal and inland Mediterranean region from Belgium to Poland and Turkey; winters to eastern British Isles and southern Scandinavia
• Larus michahellis michahellis: Atlantic Portugal, Spain, and Morocco; coastal and inland Mediterranean from Belgium to Poland and Turkey; winters to eastern British Isles and southern Scandinavia
• Larus michahellis atlantis: Azores, Madeira, and Canary Islands (Macaronesia); winters to Senegal
• Larus armenicus: lakes of Caucasus to eastern Türkiye and Iran; winters to Red Sea
• Larus [fuscus or heuglini, incl. barabensis]: breeds from Greenland, Iceland, and western Europe to central Asia and north-central Siberia; winters mostly coastally to southwestern Europe, Africa (except southwestern and southern), India, and Sri Lanka, and eastern North America
• Larus fuscus fuscus: northern Norway, Sweden, and Finland, to White Sea; winters to Africa and southwestern Asia
• Larus fuscus intermedius: Denmark to western Norway, locally southward to northeastern Spain; winters to western Africa
• Larus fuscus graellsii: Iceland, Faroe Islands, British Isles, France, and Portugal; winters to western Africa
• Larus heuglini: northwestern Russia; winters to Middle East, South Africa and southeastern Asia
• Larus vegae: northeastern Siberia; winters southward to China
• Larus mongolicus: southeastern Altai and Lake Baikal to Mongolia; winters southern Asia
• Show more...