Bird checklists - taxonomy - distribution - maps - links
Welcome Guest
Pearly Parakeet
Pyrrhura lepida (Wagler, JG 1832)
The pearly parakeet, more commonly known as the pearly conure in aviculture, is a species of parrot that is endemic to east Amazonian forests in Brazil. Source: Wikipedia
Classification
Order:Psittaciformes
Family:
Psittacidae
Genus:
Pyrrhura
Scientific:
Pyrrhura lepida
Original description
Citation:
(Wagler, JG 1832)
Reference:
Abh. K. Bayer. Akad. Wiss.
1 p.643
Protonym:
Sittace lepida
Link:
https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/11355902
Avibase identifiers
Avibase ID:
EF8A94AAC3F9481E
Avibase ID:
avibase-EF8A94AA
Short link:
https://avibase.ca/EF8A94AA
Taxonomic Serial Number:
TSN: 714045
VULNERABLE
Geographic range:
- Pyrrhura lepida lepida: north-central Brazil (northeastern Pará and northwestern Maranhão); this name may refer to intergrades between anerythra and coerulescens, rather than a valid taxon
- Pyrrhura lepida anerythra: north-central Brazil (eastern Pará)
- Pyrrhura lepida coerulescens: north-central Brazil (western and central Maranhão)
Source: Clements checklist
Pearly Parakeet
Catalan:
Cotorra perlada
Czech:
papoušek perleťový
Danish:
Perleconure
German:
Blausteißsittich
Spanish:
Cotorra Pulcra
Spanish (Spain):
Cotorra Pulcra
Finnish:
helmiaratti
French:
Conure perlée
Croatian:
biserasta papiga
Hungarian:
gyöngyös papagáj
Italian:
Parrocchetto perlato
Japanese (romaji):
shinjuurokoinko
Japanese:
シンジュウロコインコ
Lithuanian:
Perlinė raudonuodegė papūga
Dutch:
Parelparkiet
Norwegian Nynorsk:
Perleparakitt
Norwegian:
Perleparakitt
Polish:
rudosterka perlista
Portuguese:
Tiriba-pérola
Portuguese (Brazil):
Tiriba-pérola
Portuguese (Portugal):
periquitão-paraense
Russian:
Жемчужная которра
Slovak:
klinochvost modrolíci
Serbian:
Plavotrtični crvenotrbi pirura papagaj
Swedish:
pärlparakit
Ukrainian:
Котора синьощокий
Chinese:
绯红腹鹦哥
Chinese (Traditional):
珠色鸚哥
Authorities recognizing this taxonomic concept:
| Avibase taxonomic concepts (current): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 2023 (May 2023): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 2024 (Oct 2024): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 01 (August 2013): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 02 (May 2014): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 03 (March 2015): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 04 (Aug 2016): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 05 (Jan 2017): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 06 (Feb 2018): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 07 (Feb 2020): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 08 (Feb 2021): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Birdlife checklist version 00: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Birdlife checklist version 01: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Birdlife checklist version 02: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Birdlife checklist version 03: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Birdlife checklist version 04: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Birdlife checklist version 05 (Jun 2012): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Birdlife checklist version 05.1 (Oct 2012): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Birdlife checklist version 06 (Nov 2013): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Birdlife checklist version 06.1 (Feb 2014): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Birdlife checklist version 07 (Jul 2014): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Birdlife checklist version 08 (Oct 2015): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Birdlife checklist version 09 (Dec 2016): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Birdlife checklist version 09.1 (Jun 2017): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v2 (Dec 2017): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v3 (Nov 2018): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v4 (Dec 2019): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v5 (Dec 2020): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v6 (Dec 2021): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v6b (Jul 2022): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v7 (Dec 2022): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v8 (Dec 2023): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v9 (Oct 2024): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Commission internationale pour les noms français des oiseaux (1993, révision 2009): Conure perlée ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Commission internationale pour les noms français des oiseaux (1993): Conure perlée ( Pyrrhura perlata) [version 1] |
| Clements 1st edition: Pearly Conure ( Pyrrhura perlata) [version 1] |
| Clements, version 2021: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Clements, version 2022: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Clements, version 2023: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Clements, version 2024: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Clements 3rd edition: Pearly Conure ( Pyrrhura perlata) [version 1] |
| Clements 4th edition: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura perlata) [version 1] |
| Clements 5th edition (as published): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Clements 5th edition (incl. 2000 revisions): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Clements 5th edition (incl. 2001 revisions): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Clements 5th edition (incl. 2002 revisions): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Clements 5th edition (incl. 2003 revisions): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Clements 5th edition (incl. 2004 revisions): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Clements 5th edition (incl. 2005 revisions): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Clements 6th edition: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Clements 6th edition (incl. 2007 revisions): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Clements 6th edition (incl. 2008 revisions): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Clements 6th edition (incl. 2009 revisions): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Clements 6th edition (version 6.5 incl. 2010 revisions): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Clements 6th edition (version 6.6 incl. 2011 revisions): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Clements 6th edition (version 6.7 incl. 2012 revisions): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Clements 6th edition (version 6.8 incl. 2013 revisions): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Clements 6th edition (version 6.9 incl. 2014 revisions): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Clements, version 2015: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Clements, version 2016: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Clements, version 2017: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Clements, version 2018: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Clements, version 2019: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| eBird version 1.50: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| eBird version 1.52: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| eBird version 1.53: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| eBird version 1.54: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| eBird version 1.55: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| eBird version 2015: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| eBird version 2016: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| eBird version 2017: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| eBird version 2018: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| eBird version 2019: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| eBird version 2021: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| eBird version 2022: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| eBird version 2023: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| eBird version 2024: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Howard and Moore 3rd edition (as published): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 1.2): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 2.1): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 3.1): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 4): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 5): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 6): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 7): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 8): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Howard and Moore 4th edition (vol. 1-2): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Howard and Moore 4th edition (incl. corrigenda vol.1-2): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Handbook of the Birds of the World (vol 1-16): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (31/01/2015): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (03/07/2017): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Handbook of the Birds of the World and Birdlife (Dec 2017): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Handbook of the Birds of the World and Birdlife (Dec 2018): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 1.0: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 1.1: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 1.5: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 1.6: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 1.7: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 2.0: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 2.1: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 2.2: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 2.3: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 2.4: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 2.5: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 2.6: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 2.7: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 2.8: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 2.9: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 2.10: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 2.11: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 3.1: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 3.2: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 3.3: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 3.4: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 3.5: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 4.1: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 4.2: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 4.3: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 4.4: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 5.1: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 5.2: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 5.3: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 5.4: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 6.1: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 6.2: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 6.3: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 6.4: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 7.1: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 7.2: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 7.3: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 8.1: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 8.2: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 9.1: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 9.2: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 10.1: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 10.2: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 11.1: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 11.2: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 12.1: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 12.2: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 13.1: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 13.2: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 14.1: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| IOC World Bird Names, version 14.2: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Sibley and Monroe (1993): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura perlata) [version 1] |
| Sibley and Monroe (1993, including corrections up to 1998): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura perlata) [version 1] |
| Sibley and Monroe, Birds of the World Version 2.0: Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| South American Classification Committee (24/10/2003): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| South American Classification Committee (14/09/2005): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| South American Classification Committee (16/07/2006): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| South American Classification Committee (26/09/2007): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| South American Classification Committee (01/05/2008): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| South American Classification Committee (30/09/2009): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| South American Classification Committee (19/08/2010): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| South American Classification Committee (8/08/2011): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| South American Classification Committee (8/02/2012): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| South American Classification Committee (4/09/2012): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| South American Classification Committee (17/03/2013): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| South American Classification Committee (9/02/2014): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| South American Classification Committee (16/02/2015): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| South American Classification Committee (28/07/2016): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| South American Classification Committee (22/04/2017): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| South American Classification Committee (4/06/2018): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| South American Classification Committee (6/06/2019): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| South American Classification Committee (20/02/2020): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| South American Classification Committee (8/06/2020): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| South American Classification Committee (24/08/2021): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| South American Classification Committee (24/07/2022): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| South American Classification Committee (28/09/2023): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| South American Classification Committee (27/07/2024): Pearly Parakeet ( Pyrrhura lepida) [version 1] |
| Zoonomen - Zoological Nomenclature Resource: Pyrrhura lepida [version 1] |
| Zoonomen - Zoological Nomenclature Resource: Pyrrhura lepida [version 1] |
Taxonomic status:
Species status: full species
This taxon is considered a subspecies of
Pyrrhura [lepida or perlata]
(sensu lato) by some authors
Your sightings
You must be logged in to view your sighting details. To register to myAvibase click here.
Other synonyms
See also the taxonomic synonyms table.
Catalan: Cotorra perlada
Czech: papoušek perleťovy, papoušek perleťový, Papoušek perlový
Danish: Blåkindet Conure, Perleconure
German: Blausteißsittich
English: Pearly Conure, Pearly Parakeet
English, HBW: Pearly Parakeet
English (IOC): Pearly Parakeet
English (United States): Pearly Parakeet
Esperanto: Perla konuro
Spanish: Catita cola granate, Cotorra Pulcra, Cotorra Ventrirroja
Spanish (Spain): Cotorra Pulcra
Spanish (HBW): Pearly Parakeet
Spanish (Paraguay): Catita cola granate
Estonian: maranhão võrkpapagoi, maranhão võrkpapagoi
Finnish: helmiaratti, Rämeikköaratti
French: Conure perlée, Perriche perlée, Perruche perlée
Guarani: Cheripepe
Croatian: biserasta papiga
Hungarian: gyöngyös papagáj
Italian: Parrocchetto perlato
Japanese (romaji): shinjuurokoinko
Japanese: シンジュウロコインコ, シンヂュウロコインコ
Scientific: Aratinga perlatus, Pyrrhura lepida, Pyrrhura lepida lepida, Pyrrhura perlata, Sittace lepida
Lithuanian: Perlinė raudonuodegė papūga
Dutch: Parelparkiet, Roodbuikparkiet
Norwegian Nynorsk: Perleparakitt
Norwegian: Perleparakitt, Rødbrystet conure, Rødbukparakitt
Polish: Rudosterka czerwonobrzucha, rudosterka perlista
Portuguese: tiriba, tiriba-de-barriga-vermelha, Tiriba-peróla, tiriba-pérola
Portuguese (Brazil): tiriba, tiriba-de-barriga-vermelha, Tiriba-pérola
Portuguese (Portugal): periquitão-paraense, Tiriba-pérola
Russian: Жемчужная которра, Жемчужный краснохвостый попугай
Slovak: klinochvost červenobruchý, klinochvost modrolíci
Serbian: Plavotrtični crvenotrbi pirura papagaj
Swedish: Blåkindad conur, Pärlparakit
Turkish: Sedefi papağan
Ukrainian: Котора синьощокий
Chinese: 珠色鹦哥, 绯红腹鹦哥
Chinese (Traditional): 珠色鸚哥
Avibase has been visited 409,856,190 times since 24 June 2003. © Denis Lepage | Privacy policy
