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Tawny Eagle (vindhiana)

Aquila rapax vindhiana Franklin, J 1831

The tawny eagle is a large bird of prey. Like all eagles, it belongs to the family Accipitridae. Its heavily feathered legs illustrate it to be a member of the subfamily Aquilinae, also known as "booted eagles". Tawny eagles have an extensive but discontinuous breeding range that constitutes much of the African continent as well as the Indian subcontinent, with rare residency occurring in the southern Middle East. Throughout its range, it favours open dry habitats such as semideserts, deserts steppes, or savanna plains. Despite its preference for areas of aridity, the species seldom occurs in areas where trees are entirely absent. It is a resident breeder which lays one to three eggs in a stick nest mostly commonly in the crown of a tree. The tawny eagle is perhaps the most highly opportunistic of all of its taxonomic clan, and often scavenges on carrion or engages in kleptoparasitism towards other carnivorous animals but is also a bold and active predator, often of relatively large and diverse prey. It is estimated that tawny eagles can reach the age of 16 years old. Nonetheless, precipitous declines have been detected throughout the tawny eagle's range. Numerous factors, particularly loss of nesting habitat due to logging and global warming, as well as persecution and other anthropogenic mortality are driving the once numerous tawny eagle perhaps to the brink of extinction. Source: Wikipedia




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Classification
Order:
  Accipitriformes
Family:
  Accipitridae
Genus:
   Aquila
Scientific:
  Aquila rapax vindhiana

Original description

Citation:
  Franklin, J 1831

Reference:
   Proc. Comm. Sci. Corres. Zool. Soc. London 1, no.10 p.114

Protonym:
  Aquila Vindhiana

Type locality:
  Vindhya Hills, India.

Link:
  https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/16559#page/128/mode/1up

Avibase identifiers

Avibase ID:
  6315D2AA916A5FBE

Avibase ID:
  avibase-6315D2AA

Short link:
  https://avibase.ca/6315D2AA

Taxonomic Serial Number:
  TSN: 824399

Geographic range:

  • Aquila rapax vindhiana: southeastern Iran, Pakistan, much of India, and southern Nepal
Source: Clements checklist
English:
Tawny Eagle (vindhiana)
French:
Aigle ravisseur (vindhiana)

Authorities recognizing this taxonomic concept:

Avibase taxonomic concepts (current):
Tawny Eagle (vindhiana) ( Aquila rapax vindhiana)
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 2023 (May 2023):
Asian Tawny Eagle ( Aquila vindhiana) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 2024 (Oct 2024):
Asian Tawny Eagle ( Aquila vindhiana) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 2025 (Nov 2025):
Tawny Eagle (vindhiana) ( Aquila rapax vindhiana)
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 01 (August 2013):
Asian Tawny Eagle ( Aquila vindhiana) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 02 (May 2014):
Asian Tawny Eagle ( Aquila vindhiana) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 03 (March 2015):
Asian Tawny Eagle ( Aquila vindhiana) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 04 (Aug 2016):
Asian Tawny Eagle ( Aquila vindhiana) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 05 (Jan 2017):
Asian Tawny Eagle ( Aquila vindhiana) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 06 (Feb 2018):
Asian Tawny Eagle ( Aquila vindhiana) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 07 (Feb 2020):
Asian Tawny Eagle ( Aquila vindhiana) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 08 (Feb 2021):
Asian Tawny Eagle ( Aquila vindhiana) [version 1]
Avilist 2025:
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v5 (Dec 2020):
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v6 (Dec 2021):
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v6b (Jul 2022):
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v7 (Dec 2022):
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v8 (Dec 2023):
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v9 (Oct 2024):
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v10 (Oct 2025):
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
Commission internationale pour les noms français des oiseaux (1993):
Aigle indien ( Aquila vindhiana) [version 1]
Clements, version 2021:
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
Clements, version 2022:
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
Clements, version 2023:
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
Clements, version 2024:
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
Clements, version 2025:
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
Clements 5th edition (as published):
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
Clements 5th edition (incl. 2000 revisions):
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
Clements 5th edition (incl. 2001 revisions):
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
Clements 5th edition (incl. 2002 revisions):
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
Clements 5th edition (incl. 2003 revisions):
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
Clements 5th edition (incl. 2004 revisions):
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
Clements 5th edition (incl. 2005 revisions):
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
Clements 6th edition:
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
Clements 6th edition (incl. 2007 revisions):
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
Clements 6th edition (incl. 2008 revisions):
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
Clements 6th edition (incl. 2009 revisions):
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
Clements 6th edition (version 6.5 incl. 2010 revisions):
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
Clements 6th edition (version 6.6 incl. 2011 revisions):
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
Clements 6th edition (version 6.7 incl. 2012 revisions):
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
Clements 6th edition (version 6.8 incl. 2013 revisions):
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
Clements 6th edition (version 6.9 incl. 2014 revisions):
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
Clements, version 2015:
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
Clements, version 2016:
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
Clements, version 2017:
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
Clements, version 2018:
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
Clements, version 2019:
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
Howard and Moore 2nd edition:
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (as published):
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 1.2):
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 2.1):
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 3.1):
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 4):
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 5):
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 6):
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 7):
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 8):
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
Howard and Moore 4th edition (vol. 1-2):
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
Howard and Moore 4th edition (incl. corrigenda vol.1-2):
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
Handbook of the Birds of the World (vol 1-16):
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (31/01/2015):
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (03/07/2017):
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
Handbook of the Birds of the World and Birdlife (Dec 2017):
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
Handbook of the Birds of the World and Birdlife (Dec 2018):
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 3.1:
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 3.2:
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 3.3:
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 3.4:
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 3.5:
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 4.1:
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 4.2:
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 4.3:
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 4.4:
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 5.1:
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 5.2:
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 5.3:
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 5.4:
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 6.1:
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 6.2:
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 6.3:
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 6.4:
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 7.1:
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 7.2:
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 7.3:
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 8.1:
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 8.2:
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 9.1:
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 9.2:
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 10.1:
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 10.2:
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 11.1:
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 11.2:
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 12.1:
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 12.2:
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 13.1:
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 13.2:
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 14.1:
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 14.2:
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 15.1:
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 15.2:
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
Peters' Check-list of the Birds (original):
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
Peters' Check-list of the Birds (2nd edition):
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
Zoonomen - Zoological Nomenclature Resource:
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]
Zoonomen - Zoological Nomenclature Resource:
Aquila rapax vindhiana [version 1]

Taxonomic status:

Species status: subspecies (candidate for split)

This taxon is a subspecies of Aquila rapax

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Related taxa

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Other related concepts

Other synonyms

See also the taxonomic synonyms table.


Bengali: এ঱ীয় তাভামট িইগর , তামাটে ঈগল
Bengali (transliteration): ēśīẏa tāmāṭē īgala*
Danish: Asiatisk Rovørn
German: Raubadler-windhiana
English: Asian Tawny Eagle, Asian Tawny-Eagle, Eurasian Tawny Eagle, Indian Spotted Eagle, Indian Tawny Eagle, Tawny eagle, Tawny Eagle (vindhiana)
Spanish: Águila rapaz de Eurasia
Estonian: india kotkas
French: Aigle indien, Aigle ravisseur (Inde), Aigle ravisseur (vindhiana), Aigle ravisseur indien
Scientific: Aquila murina, Aquila rapax vindhiana, Aquila rapax windhiana, Aquila vindhiana
Dutch: Indische Savannearend
Polish: orzel indyjski, orzeł indyjski
Slovak: orol brahmanský
Vietnamese: Đại bàng nâu

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