Melanitta nigra (Common Scoter)

Avibase
Avibase home About Avibase Twitter Mastodon Birding webcams Compare taxonomies Avibase Flickr Group Bird of the day archives Peter's Checklist Database Avibase citations Birdlinks Trip reports
myAvibase

MyAvibase allows you to create and manage your own lifelists, and produce useful reports to help you plan your next birding excursion.
myAvibase Home Manage lifelists Manage observations myAvibase reports
Checklists

There are more than 20,000 regional checklists in Avibase, offered in 9 different taxonomies, including synonyms more than 175 languages. Each checklist can be viewed with photos shared by the birding community, and also printed as PDF checklists for field use.
Avibase checklists Compare Regions
Search
Avibase search Browse by families Browse by authors Browse by publications Avibase Taxonomic Concepts
Contribute

There are a few ways by which you can help the development of this page, such as joining the Flickr group for photos or providing translations of the site in addition languages.
Contribute to Avibase Acknowledgements Flickr group Media stats Flickr group members Media wanted Contribute a better translation
English
Change language

Welcome Guest

Common Scoter

Melanitta nigra (Linnaeus, C 1758)

You can select up to 8 checklists to perform a comparison of taxonomic authorities for this taxon and related concepts:

You can also use one of the pre-defined group of taxonomic authorities below:

American Ornithologists' Union - versions 1 to 7
Birdlife- versions 1 to 9
Clements - versions 1 to 6
Howard & Moore- versions 1 to 4
International Ornithological Committee (IOC)- versions 6 and higher
Recent authorities - most recent version of the major world authorities

The table provided below compares authorities for this taxon and related concept. Names in red are those that differ from the name in the column located immediately to the left.

Species concept	American Ornithologists' Union 1st edition (1886)	American Ornithologists' Union 2nd edition (1895)	American Ornithologists' Union 3rd edition (1910)	American Ornithologists' Union 4th edition (1931)	American Ornithologists' Union 5th edition (1957)	American Ornithologists' Union 6th edition (1983)	American Ornithologists' Union 7th edition (1998)	American Ornithologists' Society 7th edition (incl. 63rd suppl.)
Melanitta [nigra or americana]					Oidemia nigra Common Scoter	Melanitta nigra Black Scoter	Melanitta nigra Black Scoter
* Melanitta nigra←					Oidemia nigra nigra			Melanitta nigra Common Scoter
* Melanitta americana	Oidemia americana American Scoter	Oidemia americana American Scoter	Oidemia americana Scoter	Oidemia americana American Scoter	Oidemia nigra americana			Melanitta americana Black Scoter

Species concept

American Ornithologists' Union 1st edition (1886)

American Ornithologists' Union 2nd edition (1895)

American Ornithologists' Union 3rd edition (1910)

American Ornithologists' Union 4th edition (1931)

American Ornithologists' Union 5th edition (1957)

American Ornithologists' Union 6th edition (1983)

American Ornithologists' Union 7th edition (1998)

American Ornithologists' Society 7th edition (incl. 63rd suppl.)

Melanitta [nigra or americana]

Oidemia nigra
Common Scoter

Melanitta nigra
Black Scoter

* Melanitta nigra←

Oidemia nigra nigra

Melanitta nigra
Common Scoter

* Melanitta americana

Oidemia americana
American Scoter

Oidemia americana
Scoter

Oidemia americana
American Scoter

Oidemia nigra americana

Melanitta americana
Black Scoter

African Bird Club Checklist 2004
African Bird Club Checklist August 2005
African Bird Club Checklist March 2007
African Bird Club Checklist January 2008
African Bird Club Checklist May 2009
African Bird Club Checklist March 2010
Association of European Rarities Committees (Western Palearctic)
American Ornithologists' Union 1st edition (1886)
American Ornithologists' Union 1st edition (incl. 1st suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Union 1st edition (incl. 2nd suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Union 1st edition (incl. 3rd suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Union 1st edition (incl. 4th suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Union 1st edition (incl. 5th suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Union 1st edition (incl. 6th suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Union 1st edition (incl. 7th suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Union 2nd edition (1895)
American Ornithologists' Union 2nd edition (incl. 8th suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Union 2nd edition (incl. 9th suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Union 2nd edition (incl. 10th suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Union 2nd edition (incl. 11th suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Union 2nd edition (incl. 12th suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Union 2nd edition (incl. 13th suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Union 2nd edition (incl. 14th suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Union 2nd edition (incl. 15th suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Union 3rd edition (1910)
American Ornithologists' Union 3rd edition (incl. 16th suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Union 3rd edition (incl. 17th suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Union 3rd edition (incl. 18th suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Union 4th edition (1931)
American Ornithologists' Union 4th edition (incl. 19th suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Union 4th edition (incl. 20th suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Union 4th edition (incl. 21st suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Union 4th edition (incl. 22nd suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Union 4th edition (incl. 23rd suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Union 4th edition (incl. 24th suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Union 4th edition (incl. 25th suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Union 4th edition (incl. 26th suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Union 4th edition (incl. 27th suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Union 4th edition (incl. 28th suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Union 4th edition (incl. 29th suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Union 4th edition (incl. 30th suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Union 4th edition (incl. 31st suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Union 5th edition (1957)
American Ornithologists' Union 5th edition (incl. 32nd suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Union 5th edition (incl. 33rd suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Union 5th edition (incl. 34th suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Union 6th edition (1983)
American Ornithologists' Union 6th edition (incl. 35th suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Union 6th edition (incl. 36th suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Union 6th edition (incl. 37th suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Union 6th edition (incl. 38th suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Union 6th edition (incl. 39th suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Union 6th edition (incl. 40th suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Union 6th edition (incl. 41st suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Union 7th edition (1998)
American Ornithologists' Union 7th edition (incl. 42nd suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Union 7th edition (incl. 43rd suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Union 7th edition (incl. 44th suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Union 7th edition (incl. 45th suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Union 7th edition (incl. 46th suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Union 7th edition (incl. 47th suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Union 7th edition (incl. 48th suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Union 7th edition (incl. 49th suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Union 7th edition (incl. 50th suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Union 7th edition (incl. 51st suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Union 7th edition (incl. 52nd suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Union 7th edition (incl. 53rd suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Union 7th edition (incl. 54th suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Union 7th edition (incl. 55th suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Union 7th edition (incl. 56th suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Union 7th edition (incl. 57th suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Society 7th edition (incl. 58th suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Society 7th edition (incl. 59th suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Society 7th edition (incl. 60th suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Society 7th edition (incl. 61st suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Society 7th edition (incl. 61st suppl. and addendum)
American Ornithologists' Society 7th edition (incl. 62nd suppl.)
American Ornithologists' Society 7th edition (incl. 63rd suppl.)
Avibase taxonomic concepts (current)
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 01 (August 2013)
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 02 (May 2014)
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 03 (March 2015)
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 04 (Aug 2016)
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 05 (Jan 2017)
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 06 (Feb 2018)
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 07 (Feb 2020)
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 08 (Feb 2021)
Birdlife checklist version 00
Birdlife checklist version 01
Birdlife checklist version 02
Birdlife checklist version 03
Birdlife checklist version 04
Birdlife checklist version 05 (Jun 2012)
Birdlife checklist version 05.1 (Oct 2012)
Birdlife checklist version 06 (Nov 2013)
Birdlife checklist version 06.1 (Feb 2014)
Birdlife checklist version 07 (Jul 2014)
Birdlife checklist version 08 (Oct 2015)
Birdlife checklist version 09 (Dec 2016)
Birdlife checklist version 09.1 (Jun 2017)
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v2 (Dec 2017)
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v3 (Nov 2018)
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v4 (Dec 2019)
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v5 (Dec 2020)
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v6 (Dec 2021)
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v6b (Jul 2022)
British Ornithologists' Union Checklist (7th edition)
British Ornithologists' Union Checklist (7th edition, incl. Jan 2009 suppl.)
Christidis and Boles (2008): Systematics and Taxonomy of Australian Birds
Commission internationale pour les noms français des oiseaux (1993, révision 2009)
Commission internationale pour les noms français des oiseaux (1993)
Clements 1st edition
Clements 2nd edition
Clements, version 2021
Clements, version 2022
Clements 3rd edition
Clements 4th edition
Clements 5th edition (as published)
Clements 5th edition (incl. 2000 revisions)
Clements 5th edition (incl. 2001 revisions)
Clements 5th edition (incl. 2002 revisions)
Clements 5th edition (incl. 2003 revisions)
Clements 5th edition (incl. 2004 revisions)
Clements 5th edition (incl. 2005 revisions)
Clements 6th edition
Clements 6th edition (incl. 2007 revisions)
Clements 6th edition (incl. 2008 revisions)
Clements 6th edition (incl. 2009 revisions)
Clements 6th edition (version 6.5 incl. 2010 revisions)
Clements 6th edition (version 6.6 incl. 2011 revisions)
Clements 6th edition (version 6.7 incl. 2012 revisions)
Clements 6th edition (version 6.8 incl. 2013 revisions)
Clements 6th edition (version 6.9 incl. 2014 revisions)
Clements, version 2015
Clements, version 2016
Clements, version 2017
Clements, version 2018
Clements, version 2019
eBird version 1.40
eBird version 1.50
eBird version 1.52
eBird version 1.53
eBird version 1.54
eBird version 1.55
eBird version 2015
eBird version 2016
eBird version 2017
eBird version 2018
eBird version 2019
eBird version 2021
eBird version 2022
Gill 2nd edition
Howard and Moore 1st edition
Howard and Moore 2nd edition
Howard and Moore 2nd edition (incl. 1994 suppl)
Howard and Moore 2nd edition (incl. ? suppl)
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (as published)
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 1.2)
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 2.1)
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 3.1)
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 4)
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 5)
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 6)
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 7)
Howard and Moore 3rd edition (incl. corrigenda 8)
Howard and Moore 4th edition (vol. 1-2)
Howard and Moore 4th edition (incl. corrigenda vol.1-2)
Handbook of the Birds of the World (vol 1-16)
Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (31/01/2015)
Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (03/07/2017)
Handbook of the Birds of the World and Birdlife (Dec 2017)
Handbook of the Birds of the World and Birdlife (Dec 2018)
IOC World Bird Names, version 1.0
IOC World Bird Names, version 1.1
IOC World Bird Names, version 1.2
IOC World Bird Names, version 1.5
IOC World Bird Names, version 1.6
IOC World Bird Names, version 1.7
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.0
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.1
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.2
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.3
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.4
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.5
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.6
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.7
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.8
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.9
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.10
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.11
IOC World Bird Names, version 3.1
IOC World Bird Names, version 3.2
IOC World Bird Names, version 3.3
IOC World Bird Names, version 3.4
IOC World Bird Names, version 3.5
IOC World Bird Names, version 4.1
IOC World Bird Names, version 4.2
IOC World Bird Names, version 4.3
IOC World Bird Names, version 4.4
IOC World Bird Names, version 5.1
IOC World Bird Names, version 5.2
IOC World Bird Names, version 5.3
IOC World Bird Names, version 5.4
IOC World Bird Names, version 6.1
IOC World Bird Names, version 6.2
IOC World Bird Names, version 6.3
IOC World Bird Names, version 6.4
IOC World Bird Names, version 7.1
IOC World Bird Names, version 7.2
IOC World Bird Names, version 7.3
IOC World Bird Names, version 8.1
IOC World Bird Names, version 8.2
IOC World Bird Names, version 9.1
IOC World Bird Names, version 9.2
IOC World Bird Names, version 10.1
IOC World Bird Names, version 10.2
IOC World Bird Names, version 11.1
IOC World Bird Names, version 11.2
IOC World Bird Names, version 12.1
IOC World Bird Names, version 12.2
ITIS 2013
Morony, Bock and Farrand
Mammal Watching Sept 2017
Oriental Bird Club
Peters' Check-list of the Birds
Peters' Check-list of the Birds (original)
Peters' Check-list of the Birds (2nd edition)
Sibley and Monroe (1993)
Sibley and Monroe (1993, including corrections up to 1998)
Sibley and Monroe, Birds of the World Version 2.0
Sibley and Monroe families
South American Classification Committee (24/10/2003)
South American Classification Committee (14/09/2005)
South American Classification Committee (16/07/2006)
South American Classification Committee (26/09/2007)
South American Classification Committee (01/05/2008)
South American Classification Committee (30/09/2009)
South American Classification Committee (19/08/2010)
South American Classification Committee (8/08/2011)
South American Classification Committee (8/02/2012)
South American Classification Committee (4/09/2012)
South American Classification Committee (17/03/2013)
South American Classification Committee (9/02/2014)
South American Classification Committee (16/02/2015)
South American Classification Committee (28/07/2016)
South American Classification Committee (22/04/2017)
South American Classification Committee (4/06/2018)
South American Classification Committee (6/06/2019)
South American Classification Committee (20/02/2020)
South American Classification Committee (8/06/2020)
South American Classification Committee (24/08/2021)
Taxonomy in flux, version 2.90 (2/03/2014)
Working Group Avian Checklists, version 0.01
Working Group Avian Checklists, version 0.02
Mammals: Wilson and Reeder, Smithsonian Institute Press
Zoonomen - Zoological Nomenclature Resource
Zoonomen - Zoological Nomenclature Resource
Zoonomen - Zoological Nomenclature Resource