Larus fuscus (Gaivota-d'asa-escura)

Gaivota-d'asa-escura

Larus fuscus Linnaeus, 1758

The lesser black-backed gull is a large gull that breeds on the Atlantic coasts of Europe. It is migratory, wintering from the British Isles south to West Africa. It has increased dramatically in North America, most common along the east coast. Formerly just a winter visitor, many birds are now spotted year-round. Some winters they occur in large numbers. Even on the west coast, this species has become an annual winter visitor in California with birds reported around most of the state each winter. They've even been seen in numbers at the Salton Sea. Source: Wikipedia

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Classification

ordem:
  Charadriiformes
família:
  Laridae
Gênero:
   Larus
científico:
  Larus fuscus

Original description

Citação:
Linnaeus, 1758

Referência:
Syst.Nat.ed.10 p.136

Protonym:
Larus fuscus

Link:
https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/727041

Avibase identifiers

Avibase ID:
49025D8B171EFAD7

Avibase ID:
avibase-49025D8B

Ligação curta:
https://avibase.ca/49025D8B

Taxonomic Serial Number:
TSN: 176821

Geographic range:

Larus fuscus fuscus: N Norway, Sweden, Finland to White Sea; > Africa, sw Asia
Larus fuscus intermedius: Denmark to w Norway, locally s to ne Spain; winters to w Africa
Larus fuscus graellsii: Iceland, Faeroes, Br. Isles, France, Portugal; winters to w Africa

Source: Clements checklist

inglês:
Lesser Black-backed Gull
Catalan:
Gavià fosc
Checo:
racek žlutonohý
dinamarquês:
Baltisk Sildemåge
alemão:
Heringsmöwe
espanhol:
Gaviota Sombría
Spanish (Spain):
Gaviota Sombría
finlandês:
selkälokki
francês:
Goéland brun
Croata:
Mali tamnoleđi galeb
Húngaro:
Heringsirály
Islândico:
Sílamáfur
italiano:
Zafferano
Japonês:
nishisegurokamome
japonês:
ニシセグロカモメ
Lituano:
Silkinis kiras
neerlandês:
Kleine Mantelmeeuw
Norueguês:
Sildemåke
Polonês:
mewa żółtonoga
português:
Gaivota-d'asa-escura
Portuguęs (Brasil):
gaivota-da-asa-escura
Russo:
Клуша
Eslovaco:
čajka tmavá
Sérvio:
mrki galeb
Sueco:
Silltrut
Ucraniano:
Мартин чорнокрилий
Mandarim:
小黑背鸥
Chinese (Traditional):
小黑背銀鷗

Autoridades reconhecendo esse conceito taxonômico:

American Ornithologists' Union 4th edition (incl. 24th suppl.): Lesser Black-backed Gull ( Larus fuscus)
American Ornithologists' Union 4th edition (incl. 25th suppl.): Lesser Black-backed Gull ( Larus fuscus)
American Ornithologists' Union 4th edition (incl. 26th suppl.): Lesser Black-backed Gull ( Larus fuscus)
American Ornithologists' Union 4th edition (incl. 27th suppl.): Lesser Black-backed Gull ( Larus fuscus)
American Ornithologists' Union 4th edition (incl. 28th suppl.): Lesser Black-backed Gull ( Larus fuscus)
American Ornithologists' Union 4th edition (incl. 29th suppl.): Lesser Black-backed Gull ( Larus fuscus)
American Ornithologists' Union 4th edition (incl. 30th suppl.): Lesser Black-backed Gull ( Larus fuscus)
American Ornithologists' Union 4th edition (incl. 31st suppl.): Lesser Black-backed Gull ( Larus fuscus)
American Ornithologists' Union 5th edition (1957): Lesser Black-backed Gull ( Larus fuscus)
Avibase taxonomic concepts (current): Lesser Black-backed Gull ( Larus fuscus) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 01 (August 2013): Lesser Black-backed Gull ( Larus fuscus) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 02 (May 2014): Lesser Black-backed Gull ( Larus fuscus) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 03 (March 2015): Lesser Black-backed Gull ( Larus fuscus) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 04 (Aug 2016): Lesser Black-backed Gull ( Larus fuscus) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 05 (Jan 2017): Lesser Black-backed Gull ( Larus fuscus) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 06 (Feb 2018): Lesser Black-backed Gull ( Larus fuscus) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 07 (Feb 2020): Lesser Black-backed Gull ( Larus fuscus) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 08 (Feb 2021): Lesser Black-backed Gull ( Larus fuscus) [version 1]
British Ornithologists' Union Checklist (7th edition): Lesser Black-backed Gull ( Larus fuscus)
British Ornithologists' Union Checklist (7th edition, incl. Jan 2009 suppl.): Lesser Black-backed Gull ( Larus fuscus)
Commission internationale pour les noms français des oiseaux (1993): Goéland brun ( Larus fuscus) [version 2]
Clements 5th edition (incl. 2001 revisions): Lesser Black-backed Gull ( Larus fuscus) [version 2]
Clements 5th edition (incl. 2002 revisions): Lesser Black-backed Gull ( Larus fuscus) [version 1]
Clements 5th edition (incl. 2003 revisions): Lesser Black-backed Gull ( Larus fuscus) [version 1]
Clements 5th edition (incl. 2004 revisions): Lesser Black-backed Gull ( Larus fuscus) [version 1]
Clements 5th edition (incl. 2005 revisions): Lesser Black-backed Gull ( Larus fuscus) [version 1]
Clements 6th edition: Lesser Black-backed Gull ( Larus fuscus) [version 1]
Clements 6th edition (incl. 2007 revisions): Lesser Black-backed Gull ( Larus fuscus) [version 1]
Howard and Moore 2nd edition: Lesser Black-backed Gull ( Larus fuscus) [version 2]
Howard and Moore 2nd edition (incl. ? suppl): Lesser Black-backed Gull ( Larus fuscus) [version 2]
Peters' Check-list of the Birds: Larus fuscus
Peters' Check-list of the Birds (original): Larus fuscus
Peters' Check-list of the Birds (2nd edition): Larus fuscus
Sibley and Monroe (1993): Lesser Black-backed Gull ( Larus fuscus) [version 2]
Sibley and Monroe (1993, including corrections up to 1998): Lesser Black-backed Gull ( Larus fuscus) [version 2]
Sibley and Monroe, Birds of the World Version 2.0: Lesser Black-backed Gull ( Larus fuscus) [version 2]

Estatuto taxonómico:

Estatuto específico: full species (sometimes nominal subspecies)

Este taxon é considerado uma subespécie de Larus [fuscus or heuglini] (sensu lato) por alguns autores

Seus avistamentos

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táxons relacionados

Arranjos alternativos: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Highlight taxa in a checklist (shown in red)

Outros conceitos relacionados

Larus [fuscus x hyperboreus] (hybrid)
Larus [fuscus x glaucoides] (hybrid)
Larus [argentatus x fuscus] (hybrid)
Larus [argentatus or fuscus] (taxon group)
Larus fuscus x Chroicocephalus ridibundus (hybrid)
Larus [canus x fuscus] (hybrid)
Larus [cachinnans x fuscus] (hybrid)
Larus [fuscus x delawarensis] (hybrid)

Outros sinónimos

Afrikaans: Kleinswartrugmeeu
Árabe : النورس أسود الظهر الصغير
Asturian: Gavilueta Escura, Gaviota Someada
Azerbaijão: Beligara qağayısı, beliqara qağayı, kiçik beliqara qağayı, kiçik qarabel qağayı
Bashkir: ҡарағанат аҡсарлаҡ , көмеш аҡсарлаҡ
Belarusian: Чайка-чарнакрылка
Búlgaro: Малка черногърба чайка
Bengali: কারাচ঩ঠ গাঙচচর
Bengali (transliteration): kālāpiṭha gāṅacila*
Bretão: Ar gouelan kein du, Gwelenn kein-du
Catalan: Gavià fosc, Gavina fosca
Catalan (Balears): Gavina fosca
Montenegrin: mrki galeb, мрки галеб
Montenegrin (Cyrillic): мрки галеб
Checo: Racek žlutonohý
Chuvash: тĕксĕм чарлăк
Galês: Gwylan gefnddu, Gwylan gefnddu leiaf
dinamarquês: Baltisk Sildemåge, Sildemåge
alemão: Heringsmöve, Heringsmöwe
Grego: Μελανόγλαρος
inglês: Baltic Gull, Black-backed Gull, Lesser Blackbacked Gull, Lesser Black-backed Gull, Siberian Gull
English (Kenya): Lesser Black-backed Gull
Esperanto: flavkrura mevo, Malhela mevo
espanhol: Gaviota Dorsinegra Menor, Gaviota Dorsinegro, Gaviota Siberiana, Gaviota sombria, Gaviota Sombría, gaviota sombría menor
Spanish (Argentine): Gaviota sombría
Spanish (Colombia): Gaviota Sombría
Spanish (Costa Rica): Gaviota Dorsinegro
Spanish (Dominican Rep.): Gaviota Sombria
Spanish (Spain): Gaviota Sombría
Spanish (Mexico): Gaviota Dorsinegra Menor, gaviota sombría, gaviota sombría menor
Spanish (Panama): Gaviota Dorsinegra Menor
Spanish (Puerto Rico): Gaviota Sombría
Spanish (Venezuela): Gaviota Dorsinegra Menor
Estoniano: Tommukajakas, Tõmmukajakas
Basco: Gavià fosc, Kaio iluna
Persa: کاکایی پشت‌سیاه کوچک
finlandês: Selkälokki
Faroês: Bidna, Likka
francês: Goéland brun, Goéland de Scandinavie, Goéland de Sibérie
Irlandês: Droimneach Beag
Gaélico: Faoileag Bheag, Farspach Bheag
Galego: Gaivota escura, Gavià fosc
Manx: Foillan Saggyrt
Haitian Creole French: Ti Mòv do nwa
Hebraico: שחף שחור
Croata: Mali tamnoleđi galeb
Húngaro: Heringsirály, Világoshátú heringsirály
Armênio: [Pokr Tzovavoror ], Փոքր Ծովաորոր
Islândico: Sílamáfur
italiano: Zafferano
Japonês: nishi se-guro kamome, nishisegurokamome, Nishi-seguro-kamome
japonês: ニシセグロカモメ
Japanese (Kanji): 西背黒鴎
Georgiano: კლუშა-თოლია, შავზურგა თოლია, შავფრთიანი თოლია
Cazaque: Бозшағала, көк шағала
Coreano: 줄무늬노랑발갈매기
Korean (Transliteration): jul-munui-norang-bal-galmaegi
North Karelian: šelkälokka
Cornish: Gwylan keyn du lyha
Quirquiz: деңиз кидик чардагы, кидик деңиз чардагы
Científico: Larus fuscus, Larus fuscus fuscus
Luxemburguês: Kleng Mantelméiw
Lituano: Silkinis kiras
Latviano: Reņģu kaija
Macedônio: Морски (Мал црногрб) галеб
Mongolês: Бархираа цахлай, Үхэр цахлай
Mongolian (Bichig): ᠦᠬᠡᠷ ᠴᠠᠬᠣᠯᠠᠢ
Mongolian (Bichig, Inner Mongolia): ᠪᠠᠷᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠴᠠᠬᠣᠯᠠᠢ
Mongolian (Transliteration): barkh'raa tsakhlai, ükher tsakhlai
Moldovo: Pescăruș negricios
Malaio: Burung Camar Cina
Maltês: Gawwija Dahrha Iswed
Nepalês: कृष्णपंख गंगाचील
neerlandês: Baltische Mantelmeeuw, Kleine Mantelmeeuw
Norueguês: Sildemåke, Sildemåke (graellsii/heuglini)
Livvi (Olonets Karelian): järvikajoi
Polonês: Mewa brytyjska, Mewa pospolita, mewa zóltonoga, mewa żółtonoga
Pinyin: huī-lín ōu, xiǎo hēi-bèi yín-ōu
português: gaivota de asa escura, gaivota-da-asa-escura, Gaivota-d'asa-escura, Gaivota-de-asa-escura, Gaivota-de-asas-escuras
Portuguęs (Brasil): gaivota-da-asa-escura
Portuguese (Portugal): Gaivota-d'asa-escura
Romansh: Muetta fustga
Romeno: Pescăruş negricios
Russo: Klusha, Клуша, Клуша западная
Northern Sami: Salletgáiru
Eslovaco: Čajka tmavá
Esloveno: rjavi galeb, rumenonogi galeb
Albanês: Pulëbardha mesatare shpinëzezë
Sérvio: mrki galeb, Мрки галеб
Sueco: Silltrut
Suaíli: Shakwe Mgongo-mweusi
Tailandês: นกนางนวลหลังดำเล็ก, นกนางนวลหลังดำพันธุ์รัสเชีย
Thai (Transliteration): nók naaŋ-nuan lăŋ-dam lék
Turcomeno: garamtylarka çarlak
Turco: Kara Sırtlı Martı, kara syrtly marty, Karasırtlı Martı, Kara-sırtlı Martı, Küçük Siyah Martı
Tártaro: көмеш акчарлак
Ucraniano: Клуша, Мартин чорнокрилий , Чорнокрилий мартин
Uzbeque: клуша
Vietnamita: Chim Mòng bể chân vàng, Chim Mòng biển lưng đen nhỏ
Kalmyk: цандһа
Mandarim: 小黑背银鸥, 小黑背鸥, 灰林鸥, 烏灰銀鷗
Chinese (Traditional): 小黑背銀鷗, 灰林鷗
Chinese (Taiwan, Traditional): 小黑背鷗
Chinese (Taiwan): 小黑背鸥