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Dark-eyed Junco

Junco hyemalis (Linnaeus, C 1758)

The dark-eyed junco is a species of junco, a group of small, grayish New World sparrows. This bird is common across much of temperate North America and in summer ranges far into the Arctic. It is a very variable species, much like the related fox sparrow, and its systematics are still not completely untangled. Source: Wikipedia




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Classification
Order:
  Passeriformes
Family:
  Passerellidae
Genus:
   Junco
Scientific:
  Junco hyemalis

Original description

Citation:
  (Linnaeus, C 1758)

Reference:
   Systema Naturae ed. 10 1 p.183

Protonym:
  Fringilla hyemalis

Type locality:
  Virginia and Carolina in winter; restricted to South Carolina by Amer. Ornith. Union, 1931, Check-list North Amer. Birds, ed. 4, p. 345.

Link:
  https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/10277#page/202/mode/1up

Avibase identifiers

Avibase ID:
  05FF3C9B3C854D53

Avibase ID:
  avibase-05FF3C9B

Short link:
  https://avibase.ca/05FF3C9B

Taxonomic Serial Number:
  TSN: 179410

Geographic range:

  • Junco hyemalis: breeds in varied (often coniferous) forest, woodland, and shrubland from northeastern Alaska eastwards to Newfoundland and Labrador (northeastern Canada) southwards to northern Baja California and New Mexico, and in northeastern USA southwards in the Appalachian mountains to northernmost Georgia; winters from south-central Canada southwards to northern Baja California and Durango (central Mexico), and in eastern USA southwards to the Gulf coast and northern Florida
  • Junco hyemalis hyemalis: breeds northern Alaska and Yukon to north-central USA; winters to northern Mexico
  • Junco hyemalis carolinensis: Appalachian Mountains to northern Georgia
  • Junco hyemalis cismontanus: breeds south-central Yukon to west-central Alberta; winters to northern Baja California and central Texas
  • Junco hyemalis oreganus: breeds coastal southeastern Alaska to central British Columbia; winters to central California
  • Junco hyemalis [thurberi or mutabilis]: western USA; breeds from southern Oregon southward to southern California, and eastward to western Nevada; winters from Oregon southward to northern Mexico (northern Baja California) and eastward to Arizona and southwestern New Mexico
  • Junco hyemalis montanus: interior British Columbia and southwestern Alberta to eastern Oregon, western Montana, and central Idaho
  • Junco hyemalis shufeldti: west slopes of coastal mountains from southwestern British Columbia to western Oregon
  • Junco hyemalis pinosus: coastal ranges of California (San Francisco to southern Monterey County)
  • Junco hyemalis pontilis: mountains of northern Baja California (Sierra Juárez)
  • Junco hyemalis townsendi: mountains of northern Baja California (San Pedro Mártir)
  • Junco hyemalis mearnsi: southeastern Alberta, southwestern Saskatchewan to eastern Idaho, Montana, and northeastern Wyoming
  • Junco hyemalis aikeni: southeastern Montana to western South Dakota, northeastern Wyoming, and northwestern Nebraska
  • Junco hyemalis caniceps: breeds in mountains from southern Idaho eastward to Wyoming, southward to southeastern California, eastern Nevada, and northern Arizona and New Mexico; winters from Utah and Colorado southward to northern Mexico and eastward to southwestern Texas
  • Junco hyemalis dorsalis: mountains of New Mexico, northern Arizona, and far western Texas
  • Show more...
Source: Clements checklist
English:
Dark-eyed Junco
Azerbaijani:
Qaragöz yunko
Bulgarian:
Сив юнко
Catalan:
jonc fosc
Czech:
strnadec zimní
Danish:
Mørkøjet Junco
German:
Winterammer
Greek:
Μολυβοτσίχλονο
Esperanto:
vintra paserelo
Spanish:
Junco Ojioscuro
Spanish (Spain):
Junco ojioscuro
Estonian:
välusidrik
Finnish:
tummajunkko
French:
Junco ardoisé
Hebrew:
יונקו כהה-עין
Croatian:
Tamnooki junko
Hungarian:
füstös junkó
Icelandic:
Vetrartittlingur
Italian:
Junco occhiscuri
Japanese (romaji):
yukihimedori
Japanese:
ユキヒメドリ
Lithuanian:
Pilkasis junkas
Latvian:
tumšacu junko
Dutch:
Grijze Junco
Norwegian Nynorsk:
Vinterjunko
Norwegian:
Vinterjunko
Polish:
junko
Portuguese:
Junco
Portuguese (Portugal):
junco-d'olho-preto
Romanian:
Junco de ardesie
Russian:
Серый юнко
Slovak:
strnádlik sivý
Slovenian:
sivi junko
Serbian:
Tamnooki junko
Swedish:
mörkögd junco
Turkish:
kara gÖzlü junko
Ukrainian:
Юнко сірий
Chinese:
灰蓝灯草鹀
Chinese (Traditional):
灰藍燈草鵐

Authorities recognizing this taxonomic concept:

American Ornithologists' Union 2nd edition (incl. 14th suppl.):
Slate-colored Junco ( Junco hyemalis)
American Ornithologists' Union 2nd edition (incl. 15th suppl.):
Slate-colored Junco ( Junco hyemalis)
American Ornithologists' Union 3rd edition (1910):
Slate-colored Junco ( Junco hyemalis)
American Ornithologists' Union 3rd edition (incl. 16th suppl.):
Slate-colored Junco ( Junco hyemalis)
American Ornithologists' Union 3rd edition (incl. 17th suppl.):
Slate-colored Junco ( Junco hyemalis)
American Ornithologists' Union 3rd edition (incl. 18th suppl.):
Slate-colored Junco ( Junco hyemalis)
American Ornithologists' Union 7th edition (incl. 55th suppl.):
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
American Ornithologists' Union 7th edition (incl. 56th suppl.):
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
American Ornithologists' Union 7th edition (incl. 57th suppl.):
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
American Ornithologists' Society 7th edition (incl. 58th suppl.):
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
American Ornithologists' Society 7th edition (incl. 59th suppl.):
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
American Ornithologists' Society 7th edition (incl. 60th suppl.):
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
American Ornithologists' Society 7th edition (incl. 61st suppl.):
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
American Ornithologists' Society 7th edition (incl. 61st suppl. and addendum):
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
American Ornithologists' Society 7th edition (incl. 62nd suppl.):
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
American Ornithologists' Society 7th edition (incl. 63rd suppl.):
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
American Ornithologists' Society 7th edition (incl. 64th suppl.):
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
American Ornithologists' Society 7th edition (incl. 65th suppl.):
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
American Ornithologists' Society 7th edition (incl. 66th suppl.):
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts (current):
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 2023 (May 2023):
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 2024 (Oct 2024):
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 2025 (Nov 2025):
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 01 (August 2013):
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 02 (May 2014):
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 03 (March 2015):
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 04 (Aug 2016):
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 05 (Jan 2017):
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 06 (Feb 2018):
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 07 (Feb 2020):
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
Avibase taxonomic concepts v. 08 (Feb 2021):
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
Avilist 2025:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
Birdlife checklist version 00:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
Birdlife checklist version 09 (Dec 2016):
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
Birdlife checklist version 09.1 (Jun 2017):
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v2 (Dec 2017):
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v3 (Nov 2018):
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v4 (Dec 2019):
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v5 (Dec 2020):
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v6 (Dec 2021):
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v6b (Jul 2022):
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v7 (Dec 2022):
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v8 (Dec 2023):
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v9 (Oct 2024):
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v10 (Oct 2025):
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
British Ornithologists' Union Checklist (7th edition):
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis)
British Ornithologists' Union Checklist (7th edition, incl. Jan 2009 suppl.):
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis)
Commission internationale pour les noms français des oiseaux (1993):
Junco ardoisé ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
Clements, version 2021:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 5]
Clements, version 2022:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 5]
Clements, version 2023:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 5]
Clements, version 2024:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 5]
Clements, version 2025:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 5]
Clements 4th edition:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
Clements 6th edition (incl. 2007 revisions):
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 5]
Clements 6th edition (version 6.9 incl. 2014 revisions):
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 5]
Clements, version 2015:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 5]
Clements, version 2016:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 5]
Clements, version 2017:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 5]
Clements, version 2018:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 5]
Clements, version 2019:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 5]
eBird version 1.55:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 5]
eBird version 2015:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 5]
eBird version 2016:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 5]
eBird version 2017:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 5]
eBird version 2018:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 5]
eBird version 2019:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 5]
eBird version 2021:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 5]
eBird version 2022:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 5]
eBird version 2023:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 5]
eBird version 2024:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 5]
eBird version 2025:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 5]
Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (03/07/2017):
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
Handbook of the Birds of the World and Birdlife (Dec 2017):
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
Handbook of the Birds of the World and Birdlife (Dec 2018):
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 1.0:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 1.1:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 1.5:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 1.6:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 1.7:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.0:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.1:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.2:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.3:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.4:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.5:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.6:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.7:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.8:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.9:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.10:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 2.11:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 3.1:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 3.2:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 3.3:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 3.4:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 3.5:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 4.1:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 4.2:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 4.3:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 4.4:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 5.1:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 5.2:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 5.3:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 5.4:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 6.1:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 6.2:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 6.3:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 6.4:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 7.1:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 7.2:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 7.3:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 8.1:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 8.2:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 9.1:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 9.2:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 10.1:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 10.2:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 11.1:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 11.2:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 12.1:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 12.2:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 13.1:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 13.2:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 14.1:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 14.2:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 15.1:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
IOC World Bird Names, version 15.2:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
Sibley and Monroe (1993):
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
Sibley and Monroe (1993, including corrections up to 1998):
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
Sibley and Monroe, Birds of the World Version 2.0:
Dark-eyed Junco ( Junco hyemalis) [version 1]
Zoonomen - Zoological Nomenclature Resource:
Junco hyemalis [version 1]

Taxonomic status:

Species status: full species (sometimes nominal subspecies)

This taxon is considered a subspecies of Junco [hyemalis or insularis] (sensu lato) by some authors

Your sightings

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Related taxa

Alternative arrangements:  1  2  3  4  5 

Highlight taxa in a checklist (shown in red)

Other synonyms

See also the taxonomic synonyms table.


Azerbaijani: Qaragöz yunko
Belarusian: Шэры юнка
Bulgarian: Сив юнко
Breton: Junko glas-sklent
Catalan: jonc fosc
Czech: Strnad zimní, strnadec zimní
Welsh: Junco llygeitu, Jwnco penddu, Jynco Llygeitu
Danish: Mørkøjet Junco, Mørkøjet Junko
German: Junko, Winterammer
Greek: Μολυβοτσίχλονο, Σταχτόσπιζα
English: Baird's Junco, Carolina Junco, Dark-eyed Jonco, Dark-eyed Junco, Gray-headed Junco, Grey-headed Junco, Guadalupe Junco, Laguna Hanson Junco, Montana Junco, Nevada Junco, Oregon Junco, Pink-sided Junco, Point Pinos Junco, Red-backed Junco, Ridgway's Junco, Shufeldt's Junco, Slate colored Junco, Slate coloured Junco, Slate-colored Junco, Slate-coloured Junco, Snowbird, Thurber's Junco, Townsend's Junco, White-winged Junco
English (Avilist): Dark-eyed Junco
English, HBW: Dark-eyed Junco
English (IOC): Dark-eyed Junco
English (United States): Dark-eyed Junco
Esperanto: vintra paserelo, Vintroemberizo, Vintrojunkulo
Spanish: Cingolo pizarroso, Grijze Junco, Junco Ojioscuro, Junco Ojo Oscuro, Junco Pizarroso
Spanish (Cuba): Junco de ojos pardos
Spanish (Spain): Junco ojioscuro, Junco Pizarroso
Spanish (HBW): Junco pizarroso
Spanish (Mexico): Junco Ojioscuro, junco ojo oscuro, Junco Ojos Negros
Spanish (Panama): Junco Ojioscuro
Spanish (Puerto Rico): Junco Ojioscuro
Estonian: välusidrik
Finnish: Tummajunkko
Faroese: Vetrarspurvur
French: Junco à dos roux, Junco ardoisé
French (Guyane): Junco ardoisé
Frisian: Grize junko
Irish: Gealóg gheimhridh, Luachairín Shúildubh
Galician: Xunco borrallento
Manx: Leaghyreen lheeah
Hebrew: יונקו, יונקו כהה-עין
Croatian: Sivoglavi strnadar, Tamnooki junko
Hungarian: füstös junkó
Icelandic: Vetrartittlingur
Italian: Junco occhiscuri, Zigolo ardesia
Japanese (romaji): yukihimedori
Japanese: ユキヒメドリ
Kirghiz: юнко
Scientific: Fringilla hyemalis, Junco hemalis, Junco hyemalis, Junco hyemalis hyemalis, Junco hyemalis ridgwayi, Junco ridgwayi
Lithuanian: Pilkasis junkas, Tamsiaakis junkas
Latvian: tumšacu junko
Macedonian: Темноок јунко
Dutch: Grijze Junco
Norwegian Nynorsk: Vinterjunko
Norwegian: Vinterjunko
Polish: junko, junko (zwyczajny), Junko zwyczajny
Portuguese: Junco, Junco(-ardoseiro)
Portuguese (Portugal): Junco, junco-d'olho-preto
Rhaeto-Romance: Junco da l’egl stgir
Romanian: Junco de ardesie
Russian: Серый юнко, Юнко, Юнко серый
Northern Sami: Állatcihci
Slovak: Strnádlik severský, strnádlik sivý
Slovenian: sivi junko
Serbian: Tamnooki junko
Swedish: Mörkögd junco, Mörkögd junko, Snöfågel
Turkish: kara gÖzlü junko, Kara-gözlü Junko
Ukrainian: Юнко сірий
Chinese: 暗眼灯草鹀, 灰蓝灯草鹀
Chinese (Traditional): 灰藍燈草鵐

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